Cell Structure and Functions Quiz

Cell Structure

• Plasma membrane: Semi-permeable membrane that separates the cell from its environment
• Cytoplasm: Jelly-like substance inside the cell membrane where metabolic processes take place
• Nucleus: Control center of the cell where DNA is stored
• Mitochondria: Organelles responsible for generating energy for the cell
• Endoplasmic reticulum (ER): Network of membranous tubules and cisternae involved in protein synthesis and transport
• Ribosomes: Small organelles found throughout the cytoplasm where protein synthesis takes place
• Lysosomes: Membrane-bound sacs containing digestive enzymes that break down and recycle cellular waste and foreign substances
• Golgi apparatus: Complex of flattened sacs and tubules involved in protein modification and secretion

Cell Functions

• Metabolism: Cells carry out a variety of chemical reactions to maintain homeostasis and produce energy
• Growth and Development: Cells grow, reproduce, and differentiate to form tissues and organs
• Response to Stimuli: Cells respond to internal and external stimuli through signal transduction pathways
• Waste Management: Cells recycle and remove waste products to maintain cellular homeostasis

Cell Types

• Prokaryotic cells: Lack a true nucleus and are typically small and simple in structure (e.g., bacteria)
• Eukaryotic cells: Have a true nucleus and are typically larger and more complex in structure (e.g., plants, animals, fungi)

Cell Division

• Mitosis: Process of cell division that results in two daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell
• Meiosis: Process of cell division that results in four daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell

Test your knowledge of cell biology! This quiz covers the basic structure and functions of cells, including organelles, cell types, and cell division processes.