Questions and Answers
What is the function of the cell membrane?
What role do centrioles play in the cell?
They organize the movement of chromosomes during cell division.
What is cytoplasm?
A jelly-like substance mostly made of water that lies between the nucleus and cell membrane.
What is the function of the endoplasmic reticulum?
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What does the Golgi apparatus do?
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What is the function of lysosomes?
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What are mitochondria known as?
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What does the nuclear membrane do?
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What does the nucleolus synthesize?
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What is the nucleus known as?
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Where are ribosomes located?
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What do vacuoles store?
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What is the function of vesicles?
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What is the function of the cell wall?
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What do chloroplasts do?
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What functions do plastids carry out?
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Study Notes
Cell Structure and Functions
- Cell Membrane: A protective layer that controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell.
- Centrioles: Microtubule bundles essential for chromosome movement during cell division.
- Cytoplasm: A gel-like substance between the nucleus and the cell membrane, mainly composed of water; supports cell shape and aids movement.
Organelles Involved in Synthesis and Processing
- Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER): A network of sacs for manufacturing, processing, and transporting chemical compounds within the cell.
- Golgi Apparatus: A membrane stack that modifies and packages chemical compounds for cellular use or export.
Digestive and Energy-Producing Organelles
- Lysosomes: Small vesicles containing enzymes for digestion of materials and breaking down cellular waste.
- Mitochondria: Known as the 'Powerhouse of the cell', they convert nutrients into usable energy.
Genetic and Structural Components
- Nuclear Membrane: Double-layer structure surrounding the nucleus that regulates the passage of substances in and out of the nucleus.
- Nucleolus: Located within the nucleus, responsible for synthesizing ribosomes and producing RNA.
- Nucleus: Serves as the control center for cellular activities and houses the DNA.
Protein Synthesis and Storage
- Ribosomes: Located in the endoplasmic reticulum and cytoplasm; they are the sites of protein synthesis.
- Vacuoles: Function as storage compartments for water, salts, carbohydrates, and proteins, and aid in waste disposal.
- Vesicles: Small structures for nutrient storage and delivery throughout the cell, also involved in waste transport, formed by the Golgi apparatus.
Additional Cell Components
- Cell Wall: The outermost layer that provides protection and support, primarily found in plant cells.
- Chloroplasts: Organelles that perform photosynthesis, converting sunlight into chemical energy.
- Plastids: Organelles that conduct various functions, including photosynthesis, pigment synthesis, and food storage.
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Description
Test your knowledge of cellular components with this flashcard quiz on parts of a cell and their functions. From the cell membrane to centrioles, understand the roles these structures play in cell biology. Perfect for students looking to reinforce their understanding of cell anatomy.
