Organelles quiz

Study Notes

Cell Membrane

Found in all cells (prokaryotic and eukaryotic)
External layer of the cell
Important for controlling what goes in and out of the cell
Crucial for maintaining homeostasis

Cell Wall

Found in most prokaryotic cells and some eukaryotic cells (e.g., plant cells)
Important for structural support
Provides additional protection to the cell
Helps maintain the cell's shape

Centrioles

Found in eukaryotic cells (e.g., animal cells)
Not found in plant cells
Derived from the centrosome
Two centrioles per centrosome
Involved in cell division, specifically the formation of spindle fibers

Chloroplast

Found in eukaryotic cells (e.g., plant cells)
Not found in animal cells
Responsible for photosynthesis
Produces sugar

Cytoplasm

Found in all cells (prokaryotic and eukaryotic)
Everything inside the cell except for the nucleus in eukaryotic cells.
Includes cytosol, a jelly-like substance.
Supports the organelles along with the cytoskeleton

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

Found in eukaryotic cells (both plant and animal cells)
Folded structure that acts as a highway for materials within the cell
Plays a role in processing molecules
Two types:
- Rough ER: Contains ribosomes and makes proteins
- Smooth ER: Makes lipids and is involved in detoxification
Vesicles transport materials from the ER to other organelles

Golgi Apparatus

Found in eukaryotic cells (both plant and animal cells)
Acts like a packaging facility
Modifies, sorts, and packages materials for delivery within the cell

Lysosome

Found in eukaryotic cells (typically animal cells)
Contains enzymes that break down substances
Involved in digestion within the cell
Potential for breaking down pathogens

Mitochondrion (plural: mitochondria)

Found in eukaryotic cells (both plant and animal cells)
Responsible for cellular respiration
Produces ATP (adenosine triphosphate), the energy currency of the cell

Nucleus

Found in eukaryotic cells (both plant and animal cells)
Contains the cell's DNA
Controls the cell's activities

Ribosome

Found in all cells (prokaryotic and eukaryotic)
Responsible for protein synthesis

Vacuole

Found in eukaryotic cells (both plant and animal cells)
Stores materials depending on the cell type
Large central vacuole in plant cells
Smaller, multiple vacuoles in animal cells
Stores water, proteins, and waste products.

Description

Test your knowledge on the various components of cells, including the cell membrane, cell wall, centrioles, chloroplasts, and cytoplasm. This quiz will assess your understanding of their structure, function, and significance in different types of cells.