Cell Structure and Function Biology Lecture 3 Quiz

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Which type of cell lacks a membrane-bound nucleus and organelles?

Animal cells

Prokaryotic cells (correct)

Eukaryotic cells

Plant cells

What is the basic unit of life?

Organs

Molecules

Atoms

Cells (correct)

According to cell theory, where do cells come from?

Non-living matter

Preexisting cells (correct)

Spontaneous generation

From the environment

Which domain contains organisms with eukaryotic cells?

Eukarya Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of ribosomes in a cell?

Protein synthesis Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cells have a membrane-bound nucleus and membranous organelles?

Eukaryotic cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the genetic material in a cell that carries the instructions for cell function?

Chromosomes Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the nucleus in a eukaryotic cell?

Genetic control Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the basic units of structure and function in organisms?

Cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of cells self-reproducing?

Cell division Signup and view all the answers

What are the two types of cells existing in nature?

Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for cells that lack a membrane-bound nucleus and organelles?

Prokaryotic cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of smooth ER?

Detoxification of drugs and poisons Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle is responsible for receiving, modifying, storing, and shipping products of the ER?

Golgi Apparatus Signup and view all the answers

Where do the secretory vesicles go after departing from the Golgi apparatus?

Plasma membrane Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of lysosomes?

Digesting macromolecules Signup and view all the answers

In what process do lysosomes use their hydrolytic enzymes to recycle the cell's own organic material?

Autophagy Signup and view all the answers

What type of membrane-bound vesicles contain specialized enzymes to perform specific metabolic functions?

Microbodies Signup and view all the answers

What toxic molecule is broken down by the enzyme catalase in peroxisomes?

$H_2O_2$ Signup and view all the answers

What do plant vacuoles contain besides water?

$C_6H_{12}O_6$ Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the Golgi apparatus?

Macromolecule modification Signup and view all the answers

What do transport vesicles move from the ER to the Golgi apparatus?

Protein-filled vesicles Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle continuously maintains a low pH and contains powerful hydrolytic enzymes?

Lysosomes Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of microbodies in eukaryotic cells?

Performing specific metabolic functions Signup and view all the answers

Which theory proposes that mitochondria and chloroplasts were independent prokaryotes that took up residence in a eukaryotic cell?

Endosymbiotic theory Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the nuclear envelope?

To enclose the nucleus and separate its contents from the cytoplasm Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of ribosomes in the cell?

Protein synthesis Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of a nucleolus in a eukaryotic cell?

Synthesizing ribosomal RNA (rRNA) from instructions in the DNA Signup and view all the answers

What is the structure that contains thread-like structures known as chromatin in a eukaryotic cell?

Nucleus Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic feature of chromosomes in a eukaryotic cell?

They carry genetic information Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the endomembrane system in a eukaryotic cell?

Compartmentalize the cell for specific enzymatic reactions Signup and view all the answers

Where does protein synthesis occur in a eukaryotic cell?

Ribosomes in the cytoplasm Signup and view all the answers

What are the two distinct regions of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in a eukaryotic cell?

Rough ER and Smooth ER Signup and view all the answers

What is contained within a vesicle in a eukaryotic cell?

Molecules being transported within the endomembrane system Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of free ribosomes in a eukaryotic cell?

Make proteins that function within the cytoplasm Signup and view all the answers