Cell Structure and Composition Quiz
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Cell Structure and Composition Quiz

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@FestiveBlackTourmaline

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Questions and Answers

Who is credited with discovering the first living cell?

  • Felix Dujardin
  • A.V. Leeuwenhoek (correct)
  • Rudolf Virchow
  • Robert Hooke
  • What is the term coined by Purkinje in 1839?

  • Cytology
  • Cellulae
  • Protoplasm (correct)
  • Sarcode
  • What is the Greek word that 'cell' is derived from?

  • Cytoplasm
  • Sarcode
  • Cellulae (correct)
  • Protoplasm
  • Which of the following organisms is an example of a unicellular organism?

    <p>Amoeba</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the study of the structure and composition of cells?

    <p>Cytology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who first observed cells in a dead cork slice?

    <p>Robert Hooke</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the type of cell that has a well-developed nucleus with a nuclear membrane and nucleolus?

    <p>Eukaryotic cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consistency of protoplasm under different conditions?

    <p>Sol-gel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who expanded the 'Cell Theory'?

    <p>Rudolf Virchow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an exception to the Cell Theory?

    <p>Viruses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Cell Structure and Composition

    • Cells are the basic structural and functional units of all life forms.
    • Study of structure and composition of cells is called Cytology.

    Discovery of Cells

    • Robert Hooke first observed cells in a dead cork slice in 1665.
    • He described his findings in his book "Micrographic".
    • The word "cell" was derived from the Greek word "Cellulae", meaning small room.
    • The first living cell was discovered by A.V. Leeuwenhoek.

    Protoplasm

    • Protoplasm was coined by Purkinje in 1839.
    • It was discovered by Felix Dujardin and named as sarcode.
    • Protoplasm has varying consistency under different conditions and exists in sol-gel states.
    • It is an aggregate of various chemicals such as water, ions, salts, and other organic molecules like proteins, carbohydrates, fats, nucleic acids, vitamins, etc.

    Cell Theory

    • The cell theory was given by Schleiden and Schwann, and later expanded by Rudolf Virchow.
    • The cell theory states that:
      • All plants and animals are composed of cells.
      • Cell is the basic unit of life.
      • All cells arise from pre-existing cells.
    • Viruses are an exception to the cell theory.

    Types of Cells and Organisms

    • On the basis of the number of cells, organisms can be categorized as:
      • Unicellular organisms (e.g. Amoeba), which are made up of a single cell that performs all vital body functions.
      • Multicellular organisms (e.g. plants and animals), which are made up of numerous cells that combine to form organs and organ systems.
    • On the basis of the type of organization, cells can be categorized as:
      • Prokaryotic cells (e.g. Bacteria), which are primitive and incomplete cells with less developed nuclei without nuclear membrane and nucleolus.
      • Eukaryotic cells (e.g. Plants and animals), which are well-developed cells with advanced nuclei with nuclear membrane and nucleolus.

    Cell Shape and Size

    • Cells have variable shapes and sizes, with shapes dependent on their function.
    • Cells can be spherical, elongated (nerve cell), branched (pigmented), discoidal (RBC), spindle-shaped (muscle cell), etc.
    • The size of cells varies depending on the type of organism, ranging from 0.2 µm to 18 cm.
    • A typical cell in a multicellular organism ranges from 20-30 µm in size.
    • The largest cell is the ostrich egg, with a diameter of 15 cm (with shell) and 8 cm (without shell).

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    Test your knowledge of cells, the basic units of life, including their discovery, structure, and composition.

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