Recent

  • Show all results for ""

🎧 New: AI-Generated Podcasts Turn your study notes into engaging audio conversations. Learn more

Cell Biology Introduction
517 Questions
0 Views

Cell Biology Introduction

Created by
@JudiciousTroll

Podcast Beta

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the basic unit of structure and function in living organisms?

  • Organ
  • Molecule
  • Cell (correct)
  • Tissue

    • What branch of biology deals with the study of structure and function of plant and animal cells?

  • Cytology (correct)
  • Botany
  • Biology
  • Microscopy

    • Who observed a thin slice of cork under the microscope and saw structures which he called cells?

  • Robert Hooke (correct)
  • Anton van Leeuwenhoek
  • Leeuwenhoek
  • Galileo

    • What is the term for a thin slice of any part of a structure?

    <p>Section</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of section is obtained when a structure is cut along its length?

    <p>Longitudinal section</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the mirror in a microscope?

    <p>To reflect light through the specimen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula to calculate magnification?

    <p>Observed size / Actual size</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the condenser in a microscope?

    <p>To reflect light through the specimen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the coarse and fine adjustors in a microscope?

    <p>To focus the image</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of observing cells under a microscope?

    <p>Cells become magnified</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the study of structure and function of plant and animal cells?

    <p>Cytology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is credited with the invention of the simplest microscope?

    <p>Unknown</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Robert Hooke observe under the microscope in 1665?

    <p>Dead cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the stage in a microscope?

    <p>To hold the specimen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the eyepiece lens in a microscope?

    <p>To magnify the image</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of adjusting the coarse and fine adjustors in a microscope?

    <p>Changing the focus of the image</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the objective lens in a microscope?

    <p>To magnify the image</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of observing cells under a microscope?

    <p>Cells become magnified</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the ratio of observed size to actual size?

    <p>Magnification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the condenser in a microscope?

    <p>To focus the light</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of 1665 in the study of cells?

    <p>The year Robert Hooke observed cork cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the lenses in a microscope?

    <p>To produce a greatly magnified image of the specimen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between a longitudinal section and a transverse section?

    <p>A longitudinal section is cut along the length, while a transverse section is cut across the structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the mirror in a microscope?

    <p>To reflect light through the specimen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to cells when observed under a microscope?

    <p>They become magnified</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the stage in a microscope?

    <p>To hold the specimen in place</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the study of structure and function of plant and animal cells?

    <p>Cytology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula to calculate magnification power?

    <p>Observed size / Actual size</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the objective lens in a microscope?

    <p>To magnify the image</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the eyepiece lens in a microscope?

    <p>To magnify the image</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum magnification that the best light microscope can achieve?

    <p>1500X</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who formulated the cell theory?

    <p>Matthias Schleiden and Theodor Schwann</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main factor that determines the shape of a cell?

    <p>The function of the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the size range of most cells?

    <p>10-100 microns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the longest type of animal cell?

    <p>Nerve cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the shape of a pigment cell of the skin?

    <p>Branched</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the size of the smallest cell, PPLO?

    <p>0.1-0.5 microns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum magnification that can be achieved by a light microscope?

    <p>1500X</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main factor that determines the shape of a cell?

    <p>The function it performs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the range of sizes of most cells?

    <p>10-100 microns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the shape of a nerve cell?

    <p>Elongated and branched</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who formulated the cell theory?

    <p>Matthias Schleiden and Theodor Schwann</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the shape of a pigment cell of the skin?

    <p>Branched</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the size of the smallest cell, PPLO?

    <p>0.1-0.5 microns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum magnification that can be achieved by the best light microscope?

    <p>1500X</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the size of the largest cell in the animal kingdom?

    <p>Ostrich egg size</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who formulated the cell theory?

    <p>Matthias Schleiden and Theodor Schwann</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the shape of a muscle cell?

    <p>Spindle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main factor that determines the shape of a cell?

    <p>The function it performs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the size of the smallest cell, PPLO?

    <p>0.1-0.5 microns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the shape of a nerve cell?

    <p>Elongated and branched</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum magnification achieved by the best light microscope?

    <p>1500X</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the size range of most cells?

    <p>10-100 microns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the shape of a cell?

    <p>The cell's function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the shape of a nerve cell?

    <p>Elongated and branched</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who formulated the cell theory?

    <p>Matthias Schleiden and Theodor Schwann</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the shape of a red blood cell?

    <p>Discoidal or saucer-shaped</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the size of the largest cell in the animal kingdom?

    <p>Ostrich egg cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of organisms are made up of a single cell?

    <p>Unicellular organisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of a plasma membrane?

    <p>It is selectively permeable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the living substance of the cell?

    <p>Protoplasm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the type of model that explains the structure and function of the plasma membrane?

    <p>Fluid mosaic model</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the type of organisms that viruses are considered to be?

    <p>Non-cellular organisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the outermost layer of the cell?

    <p>Plasma membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main component of the plasma membrane?

    <p>Phospholipids and proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the thickness of the plasma membrane?

    <p>Less than 1/10,000 mm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic feature of unicellular organisms?

    <p>They are made up of a single cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main component of a virus?

    <p>Genetic material wrapped by a protein capsule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the plasma membrane in a cell?

    <p>It is selectively permeable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the fluid mosaic model of the plasma membrane?

    <p>A fluid structure of proteins and phospholipids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the thickness of the plasma membrane?

    <p>Less than 1/10,000 mm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the living substance of a cell?

    <p>Protoplasm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main component of the plasma membrane?

    <p>Proteins and phospholipids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the nucleus in a cell?

    <p>It contains the genetic material</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the protein molecules in the membrane?

    <p>To act as hydrophilic pores, allowing water-soluble chemicals to pass through</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the direction of movement of substances during diffusion?

    <p>From higher concentration to lower concentration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the net diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane?

    <p>Osmosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of osmosis in a cell?

    <p>Turgor pressure increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of molecules can dissolve in lipids and cross a cell surface membrane without going through pores?

    <p>Non-polar molecules such as vitamins A, D, E, and K</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the type of transport that does not require energy to move substances across a cell membrane?

    <p>Passive transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the polysaccharides attached to the membrane proteins or lipids?

    <p>To recognize and interact with other cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the movement of substances from their higher concentration to their lower concentration?

    <p>Diffusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the type of membrane transport that requires energy to move substances across a cell membrane?

    <p>Active transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of endosmosis in a cell?

    <p>The cell swells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of protein molecules in the cell membrane?

    <p>To form hydrophilic pores that allow water-soluble chemicals to pass through</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the direction of movement of substances in diffusion?

    <p>From higher concentration to lower concentration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is osmosis?

    <p>The net diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of osmosis in a cell?

    <p>The cell experiences turgor pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of molecules can dissolve in lipids?

    <p>Non-polar molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of polysaccharides attached to membrane proteins or lipids?

    <p>To recognize cells during fertilization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the movement of substances from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration?

    <p>Diffusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the type of transport that does not require energy to move substances across the cell membrane?

    <p>Passive transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of endosmosis?

    <p>Water enters the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the lipid bilayer?

    <p>To act as a barrier to water and water-soluble substances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to a cell when it is placed in a hypotonic solution?

    <p>The cell increases in size</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of active transport?

    <p>To move substances into the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of membrane allows only the solvent to pass through?

    <p>Semipermeable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the cell wall?

    <p>To provide mechanical strength</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the composition of the cell wall in plants?

    <p>Carbohydrate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to a cell when it is placed in a hypertonic solution?

    <p>The cell decreases in size</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the energy source for active transport?

    <p>Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of transport proteins in active transport?

    <p>To move substances into the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the type of solution in which there is no net movement of water molecules?

    <p>Isotonic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the middle lamella composed of?

    <p>Calcium and magnesium pectate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main component of the cell wall in fungi?

    <p>Chitin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process in which the protoplasm of a plant cell separates from the cell wall?

    <p>Plasmolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the outermost layer of a bacterial cell wall composed of?

    <p>Peptidoglycan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the fluid content of the cell inner to the plasma membrane and excluding the nucleus called?

    <p>Cytoplasm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of cell organelles in eukaryotic cells?

    <p>To localize certain cellular processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the outer protective layer of a bacterial cell?

    <p>Glycocalyx</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the composition of the primary cell wall in plant cells?

    <p>Cellulose and pectin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process of water moving out of a cell?

    <p>Exosmosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the cytosol in a cell?

    <p>To form the ground substance inside the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the thick, tough covering found on some bacterial cells?

    <p>Capsule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What would happen to a cell when placed in an isotonic solution?

    <p>No net movement of water molecules would occur</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the direction of water flow in a hypotonic solution?

    <p>Into the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process requires energy to move substances across the cell membrane?

    <p>Active transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main component of the cell wall in fungi?

    <p>Chitin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process of the protoplasm separating from the cell wall?

    <p>Plasmolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of transport proteins in active transport?

    <p>To act as carrier molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of membrane allows solvent and selected solutes to pass through?

    <p>Selectively permeable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the glycocalyx in some bacteria?

    <p>Protection from the environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the cell wall in plant cells?

    <p>To provide mechanical strength</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the fluid content of the cell, excluding the nucleus?

    <p>Cytoplasm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the composition of the cell wall in plant cells?

    <p>Carbohydrate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main component of the cell wall in eubacteria and cyanobacteria?

    <p>Peptidoglycan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the middle lamella composed of in plant cells?

    <p>Calcium and magnesium pectate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the jelly-like substance inside the cell membrane?

    <p>Cytosol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the primary wall in plant cells?

    <p>To provide an elastic, thin layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for small, membrane-bound structures within the cell?

    <p>Organelles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of exosmosis in cells?

    <p>To remove water from the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process of water leaving the cell, resulting in the protoplasm separating from the cell wall?

    <p>Exosmosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the slime layer in some bacteria?

    <p>Protection from the environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the outermost layer of the cell?

    <p>Plasma membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of lysosomes in a cell?

    <p>Intracellular digestion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name given to the process by which lysosomes break down and recycle old or damaged cellular components?

    <p>Autophagy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the shape of lysosomes?

    <p>Polymorphic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of lysosomes in the digestion of microorganisms that enter the cell?

    <p>To digest microorganisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are lysosomes sometimes called 'suicide bags'?

    <p>Because they can digest the whole cell if they burst</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name given to the convex side of the Golgi apparatus that lies towards the nucleus?

    <p>Cis face</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of autolysis in old cells?

    <p>Cell removal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of lysosomes in the gradual disappearance of the tail in a tadpole during metamorphosis?

    <p>To digest tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the scientist who first reported lysosomes in 1955?

    <p>Christian de Duve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which type of cells are lysosomes typically absent?

    <p>Prokaryotes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name given to ribosomes due to their function?

    <p>Protein factory of the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the composition of ribosomes?

    <p>r-RNA and proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the type of ribosomes found in mitochondrial matrix?

    <p>55S</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the organelle that is a three-dimensional complicated and interconnecting system of membrane-lined channels?

    <p>Endoplasmic reticulum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of smooth ER?

    <p>Glycogen, fat, and steroid synthesis, and detoxification of drugs and poisons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of rough ER?

    <p>Protein synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who discovered the Golgi apparatus?

    <p>Camillo Golgi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the structure of the Golgi body?

    <p>Single membrane bound</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the Golgi body in cell plate formation?

    <p>Secretion of cell plate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the shape of the cisternae in the Golgi body?

    <p>Shallow bowl-like</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term given to ribosomes because of their unique structure?

    <p>organelle within an organelle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER)?

    <p>glycogen and fat synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two subunits of ribosomes in eukaryotes?

    <p>40S and 60S</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who discovered the Golgi apparatus?

    <p>Camillo Golgi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the Golgi body?

    <p>secretion and formation of carbohydrates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a cluster of ribosomes attached to messenger RNA?

    <p>polyribosome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER)?

    <p>protein synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the type of ribosome found in the mitochondrial matrix of mammals?

    <p>55S</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the shape of the cisternae in the Golgi body?

    <p>shallow bowl-like</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of endoplasmic reticulum (ER)?

    <p>transportation and synthesis of proteins and lipids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the direction of the concave side of the lysosome?

    <p>Towards the plasma membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When were lysosomes first reported?

    <p>1955</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of lysosomes?

    <p>To perform intracellular digestion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process of lysosomes digesting old or dead cell organelles?

    <p>Autophagy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of lysosomes bursting in a cell?

    <p>The cell's contents are digested</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of lysosomes in the removal of old cells?

    <p>They release enzymes to break down old cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of lysosomes in the metamorphosis of tadpoles?

    <p>They help to break down old tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the shape of lysosomes?

    <p>Polymorphic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the digestive enzymes in lysosomes?

    <p>To break down waste and foreign materials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the type of lysosome that engulfs bits of cytosol containing waste?

    <p>Autophagic vacuole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name given to mitochondria due to its role in energy production?

    <p>Powerhouse of the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of cristae in mitochondria?

    <p>To increase surface area for energy production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name given to the small tennis racket-like particles on cristae?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What would happen to a cell if mitochondria were absent?

    <p>Energy metabolism would decrease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name given to the fluid-filled central cavity of mitochondria?

    <p>Matrix</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of ATP synthetase enzyme?

    <p>To synthesize ATP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the type of plastid that is colorless?

    <p>Leucoplast</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of thylakoids in chloroplasts?

    <p>To participate in photosynthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the study of the structure and function of organelles?

    <p>Cytology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe a membrane-bound, non-cytoplasmic sac?

    <p>Vacuole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of mitochondria in a cell?

    <p>Energy metabolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic feature of the inner membrane of mitochondria?

    <p>It is infolded into the matrix</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of ATP synthetase enzyme in mitochondria?

    <p>It synthesizes ATP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What would happen to a cell in the absence of mitochondria?

    <p>Energy metabolism would decrease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of plastid is involved in the synthesis of organic food?

    <p>Chloroplast</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of thylakoids in chloroplasts?

    <p>Photosynthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of vacuoles?

    <p>They are membrane-bound non-cytoplasmic sacs that contain non-living liquid or solid contents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the fluid-filled central cavity surrounded by the inner membrane of mitochondria?

    <p>Matrix</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of plastid is colorless and used to store proteins, oil, and starch?

    <p>Leucoplast</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of cristae in mitochondria?

    <p>To increase the surface area</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of glyoxysomes in plant cells?

    <p>To convert fats into carbohydrates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic feature of sphaerosomes?

    <p>They are bounded by a single membrane and have lysosome-like activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of peroxisomes in animal cells?

    <p>To metabolize peroxides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of catalase in peroxisomes?

    <p>To degrade peroxides into water and oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the cytoskeleton in a cell?

    <p>To provide mechanical support and maintain cell shape</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the composition of microtubules?

    <p>Tubulin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of microfilaments?

    <p>To be involved in muscle contraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic feature of intermediate filaments?

    <p>They have a size/diameter in between microfilaments and microtubules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of peroxisomes in plant cells?

    <p>To be involved in photorespiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of microtubules during cell division?

    <p>To form spindle fibers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of glyoxysomes in plant cells?

    <p>Conversion of fats into carbohydrates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of organelles are sphaerosomes similar to?

    <p>Lysosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of peroxisomes in animal cells?

    <p>H2O2 metabolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the cytoskeleton in a cell?

    <p>Mechanical support and motility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the composition of microtubules?

    <p>Tubulin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of microtubules in plant cells?

    <p>Transport of cell wall material</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the composition of microfilaments?

    <p>Actin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the diameter of intermediate filaments relative to microfilaments and microtubules?

    <p>Between microfilaments and microtubules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of peroxisomes in plant cells?

    <p>Photorespiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of catalase in peroxisomes?

    <p>Degradates H2O2 into water and oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of centrioles during cell division?

    <p>To organise the spindle fibres</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of cilia?

    <p>Causes movement of the cell or surrounding fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are nucleic acids composed of?

    <p>Nucleotides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is unique about the structure of flagella in prokaryotic bacteria?

    <p>They have a different structure than eukaryotic flagella</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of a nitrogen base in a nucleotide?

    <p>To store genetic information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between ribose and deoxyribose?

    <p>One is found in DNA, the other in RNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do cilia beat?

    <p>In a coordinated manner</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a nucleoside composed of?

    <p>A nitrogen base and a pentose sugar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of centrioles?

    <p>Not specified in the text</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two types of nitrogen bases found in nucleotides?

    <p>Purines and pyrimidines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the pattern of microtubule triplets in a centriole?

    <p>9 + 0</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are centrioles typically found in an animal cell?

    <p>Near the nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of phosphoric acid in a nucleotide?

    <p>To form a phosphodiester bond</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which type of cells are centrioles absent?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of centrioles during cell division?

    <p>To organise spindle fibres</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are nucleic acids composed of?

    <p>Pentose sugar, phosphoric acid, and nitrogen base</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a nucleotide?

    <p>A condensation product of three chemicals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two types of pentose sugars that occur in nucleotides?

    <p>Ribose and deoxyribose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of cilia in a cell?

    <p>To cause movement of the cell or surrounding fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the structural difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic flagella?

    <p>Prokaryotic flagella are structurally different</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are nitrogen bases classified into?

    <p>Purines and pyrimidines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a combination of a nitrogen base with a pentose sugar known as?

    <p>Nucleoside</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the arrangement of microtubules in a centriole?

    <p>9 + 0 pattern of microtubule triplets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two types of nucleic acids?

    <p>Deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are centrioles typically located in an animal cell?

    <p>Near the nucleus at right angles to each other</p> Signup and view all the answers