3:Cell Specialization and Organelles 4.03

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Questions and Answers

What is the function of the selectively permeable boundary surrounding the cell?

To store genetic information

To control the entry and exit of nutrients and waste (correct)

To synthesize macromolecules such as proteins

To produce energy through cellular respiration

Which organelle is primarily involved in energy metabolism through cellular respiration?

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

Nucleus

Mitochondria (correct)

Golgi apparatus

What is the primary role of the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum?

To store genetic information

To metabolize energy

To package proteins

To synthesize proteins (correct)

What macromolecule is primarily found in the nucleus and serves as the storage site of genetic information?

DNA Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes the function of the Golgi apparatus?

It packages and modifies proteins Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the cell membrane?

To control the movement of substances in and out of the cell Signup and view all the answers

What differentiates prokaryotic cells from eukaryotic cells?

The presence of a nucleus Signup and view all the answers

What role do macromolecules play in organelle formation?

They can be structural components Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cell is specialized for transmission of signals?

Nerve cells Signup and view all the answers

What is significant about specialized cells in multicellular organisms?

They contribute to specific tissue functions Signup and view all the answers

How do plant cells differ from animal cells?

Plant cells contain chloroplasts Signup and view all the answers

What role do macromolecules play in the hierarchy of biological systems?

They form organelles that constitute cells. Signup and view all the answers

What is the emergent property of the cellular level of organization?

Cells work together to create tissues and organs Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT typically a function of organelles?

Immune response Signup and view all the answers

Which level of biological organization directly follows organelles?

Tissues Signup and view all the answers

What is an emergent property in a multicellular organism?

A trait that results from interactions among different levels of the biological hierarchy. Signup and view all the answers

How do hierarchical structures contribute to specialization in living organisms?

They support the function of specialized cells through organized complexity. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a component of the hierarchy leading to the formation of cells?

Tissues Signup and view all the answers

What are organelles primarily responsible for?

Carrying out basic life processes in cells. Signup and view all the answers

What are the initial building blocks of life as per the biological hierarchy?

Atoms Signup and view all the answers

In what way do biological systems rely on emergent properties?

They rely on interactions at higher hierarchical levels for complex functions. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

4.03 Organelle and Cell Specialisation

Learning Objectives: -Biological systems function due to emergent properties arising from hierarchical structures within organisms. -Living organisms use a few basic elements to form building blocks and sustain life by transferring matter and energy.
Guiding Questions: -What are the hierarchical parts of a multicellular organism? -How does hierarchical structure enable specialization at the molecular, cellular, and organism levels?
Starter Activity: -Spot the differences and similarities between organisms (e.g., amoeba, leaf, giraffe). -Identify emergent properties of each.
Lesson 4.02 and 4.03: -The hierarchy in the structure of life goes from atoms, molecules, macromolecules, organelles, cells, tissue, organ, organ system to organism, ecosystem, biosphere.
Activity: -Review basic cell structure using online resources. -Explore animal and plant cells, noting functions of organelles. -Construct plant and animal cells using online tools -Compare and contrast plant and animal cells
Check Answers: -Cell membrane: selectively permeable, composed of macromolecules (fats, protein, carbohydrates). -Nucleus: stores DNA (genetic information). -Mitochondria: site of cellular respiration, generates energy -Cytoplasm: fluid environment for cellular processes, contains many structures. -Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (Rough ER): synthesizes proteins. -Golgi apparatus: packages and secretes proteins.
Closer look at the Cell Membrane: -Macromolecules (carbohydrates, proteins) form and integrate into the cell membrane -The cell membrane's function is an emergent property.
Cell Specialization: -Cells specialize to form tissues for specific organs. -Examples include nerve cells, red blood cells -Plant cell specialization also occurs. -Observe specialized cells in microscopes to see differences between tissue
Part III - Specialized Cells and Tissues: -Use provided microscope observations to identify specialized cells and how emergent properties lead to tissue and organ development. -Example tissue types: nerve/muscle tissue
Plenary (Activity): -Watch a video of a person lifting a car. -Create a model to illustrate specialized tissue interaction in the human body.
Key Words: organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system.
Homework: Complete Discovery tech-book exercises related to Cell Structure and Function (explore sections 3 and 6)
Video: Utilize provided link for further video based learning.

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Description

Explore the hierarchical structures within living organisms and their emergent properties in this quiz. Understand how cellular and organ systems function together to sustain life. Answer guiding questions about cell structures and engage in activities that compare different organisms.