Physiology Concepts I: Cell Signaling and Plasma Membranes Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which component of lipid molecules is usually unbranched and may or may not be saturated?

  • Phosphate head
  • Glycerol backbone
  • Fatty acid tail (correct)
  • Choline
  • What type of molecule intercalates between phospholipids and impacts membrane fluidity?

  • Sphingolipids
  • Cholesterol (correct)
  • Glycerophospholipids
  • Glycocalyx
  • What is the function of the glycocalyx?

  • To protect the cell (correct)
  • To stiffen the membrane
  • To form lipid rafts
  • To increase membrane fluidity
  • Which type of membrane lipid has a slightly different shape that can decrease membrane fluidity?

    <p>Sphingolipids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which membrane-bound component is responsible for creating and modifying proteins?

    <p>Smooth ER</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which junction helps in regulating movement across membranes and other epithelial structures?

    <p>Anchoring junction desmosome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the extracellular component in a desmosome?

    <p>Cadherins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which junction commonly binds to the basement membrane and helps in anchoring epithelial cells?

    <p>Anchoring junction hemidesmosome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do adherens junctions connect with instead of intermediate filaments?

    <p>Microfilaments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of the cytoskeleton is responsible for cellular movement and organization of cellular components/organelles during mitosis and meiosis?

    <p>Microtubules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which protein monomer forms microtubules?

    <p>Tubulin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the dimer after GTP is cleaved from tubulin?

    <p>It falls off the microtubule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the microtubule organizing centre (MTOC)?

    <p>Cellular organization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unique structure of centrioles?

    <p>A tubulin triplet structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are dyneins and kinesins?

    <p>Motor proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a lipid component of the cell membrane?

    <p>Phospholipids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a function of the plasma membrane?

    <p>Protein synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes the forces at play across the cell membrane?

    <p>Diffusion and osmosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cellular structure helps maintain cellular integrity?

    <p>Na+/K+ ATPase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a component of the cytoskeleton?

    <p>Microfilaments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about extracellular signals and cell membrane receptors?

    <p>Extracellular signals bind to high-affinity protein receptors on the cell membrane.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines whether a cell responds to a specific extracellular signal?

    <p>The expression of the receptor on the cell membrane.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a function of membrane proteins?

    <p>Energy production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do membrane proteins do in relation to the overall structure of the cell?

    <p>They link the cell membrane to the cytoskeleton.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of tight junctions?

    <p>To separate cells into apical and basal compartments.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes osmosis?

    <p>The movement of water across a semi-permeable membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when a solution with a higher concentration of solutes is separated from a solution with a lower concentration of solutes by a semi-permeable membrane?

    <p>The water moves from the higher concentration solution to the lower concentration solution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the Na+/K+ ATPase?

    <p>To establish a gradient of sodium and potassium across the membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does the Na+/K+ ATPase require energy from ATP?

    <p>To establish a gradient of sodium and potassium across the membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between active transport and passive transport?

    <p>Active transport requires energy, while passive transport does not</p> Signup and view all the answers

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