Cell Reproduction and the Cell Cycle
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Questions and Answers

All cells are derived from pre-existing cells.

True

What are the three major stages of the cell cycle?

  • Interphase, Prophase, Anaphase
  • Interphase, Cytokinesis, Mitosis
  • Interphase, Metaphase, Telophase
  • Interphase, Mitotic Stage, Cytokinesis (correct)
  • What must happen to DNA before cell division?

    DNA must be replicated.

    What type of reproduction involves a single cell dividing to make two identical daughter cells?

    <p>Asexual reproduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a zygote?

    <p>A new cell formed from the joining of an egg and sperm.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Mitosis is an example of sexual reproduction.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Describe the structure of prokaryotic DNA.

    <p>Prokaryotic DNA is a single, circular chromosome.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do prokaryotes divide?

    <p>Binary fission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Cell Reproduction

    • All cells are derived from pre-existing cells.
    • New cells are produced for growth and to replace damaged or old cells.
    • Cell reproduction processes differ in prokaryotes (bacteria) and eukaryotes (protists, fungi, plants & animals).

    The Cell Cycle

    • The cell cycle is an orderly sequence of stages from the first division to the time the resulting daughter cells divide.
    • Just prior to the next division, the cell grows larger, the number of organelles doubles, and the DNA is replicated.
    • The three major stages of the cell cycle:

      Interphase

      • Many stages including G1 (growth), S (growth and DNA replication), G2 (growth and final preparations for division)
        • G1 checkpoint: The main checkpoint of the cell cycle.
        • G1: If DNA is damaged, apoptosis will occur. Otherwise, the cell is committed to divide when growth signals are present.
        • G2 checkpoint: G2 mitosis will occur if DNA has replicated properly. Apoptosis will occur otherwise.

      Mitotic Stage

      • The stage where the cell divides into two identical daughter cells.

      Cytokinesis

      • The stage where the cytoplasm divides, separating the two new cells.

    Keeping Cells Identical

    • The instructions for making cell parts are encoded in the DNA, so each new cell must get a complete set of the DNA molecules.

    DNA Replication

    • DNA must be copied or replicated before cell division.
    • Each new cell will then have an identical copy of the DNA.

    Types of Cell Reproduction

    • Asexual reproduction involves a single cell dividing to make 2 new, identical daughter cells.
    • Mitosis & binary fission are examples of asexual reproduction.
    • Sexual reproduction involves two cells (egg & sperm) joining to make a new cell (zygote) that is NOT identical to the original cells.
    • Meiosis is an example.

    Prokaryotic Chromosome

    • The DNA of prokaryotes (bacteria) is one, circular chromosome attached to the inside of the cell membrane.

    Cell Division in Prokaryotes

    • Prokaryotes such as bacteria divide into 2 identical cells by the process of binary fission.
    • The single chromosome makes a copy of itself.
    • A cell wall forms between the chromosomes dividing the cell.

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    Related Documents

    Module 3. Cell Division PDF

    Description

    Explore the intricate processes of cell reproduction and the cell cycle. This quiz covers the differences in cell reproduction for prokaryotes and eukaryotes, as well as the stages of the cell cycle, including interphase and critical checkpoints. Test your knowledge on how cells prepare for division and their growth phases.

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