Uzma Chapter 2 mcq created with chatgpt4
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary role of proteins within the cell?

  • Energy storage
  • Acting as enzymes to catalyze biological reactions (correct)
  • Serving as genetic material
  • Forming ionic bonds with inorganic compounds
  • How do phospholipids contribute to cellular structure?

  • By acting as primary genetic material
  • By catalyzing cellular reactions
  • By forming the lipid bilayer of cell membranes (correct)
  • By providing energy storage
  • Which of the following molecules is most abundant in cells?

  • DNA
  • Proteins
  • Water (correct)
  • Lipids
  • What type of bond is formed when atoms share a pair of electrons?

    <p>Van der Waals interaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which molecule serves as the principal form of chemical energy within cells?

    <p>ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process describes the synthesis of RNA from a DNA template?

    <p>Transcription</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the Golgi apparatus in cellular function?

    <p>Modification and sorting of proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of RNA plays a role in bringing amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis?

    <p>tRNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What cellular structure is primarily responsible for the production of ATP?

    <p>Mitochondrion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do enzymes affect the reactions they catalyze?

    <p>Lower the activation energy of the reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organelle is primarily involved in the detoxification of harmful substances in liver cells?

    <p>Peroxisome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In cell signaling, what molecule acts as a second messenger to relay signals from cell surface receptors to target molecules inside the cell?

    <p>cAMP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) in the process of protein synthesis?

    <p>Forming the core of the ribosome's structure and catalyzing protein synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cellular process involves the packaging of cellular products into vesicles for export out of the cell?

    <p>Exocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The cytoskeleton is essential for a cell because it:

    <p>Provides structural support and facilitates movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What mechanism do cells use to maintain homeostasis in response to changes in their environment?

    <p>Feedback inhibition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure is responsible for modifying, sorting, and shipping off cellular products and is often termed the 'post office' of the cell?

    <p>Golgi apparatus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Autophagy within cells is best described as:

    <p>The destruction of cellular components within lysosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cellular receptors are crucial for which of the following processes?

    <p>Responding to external signals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process is directly involved in the conversion of genetic information into a functional product?

    <p>Gene expression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of mitochondria in eukaryotic cells?

    <p>Energy production through ATP synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cellular component is responsible for breaking down excess or worn-out cell parts?

    <p>Lysosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cell surface receptors are critical for which type of cellular communication?

    <p>Intercellular signaling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process involves the transfer of information from a gene to an mRNA molecule?

    <p>Transcription</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cell junctions allow for the direct electrical and metabolic coupling of adjacent cells?

    <p>Gap junctions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organelle is responsible for the synthesis of lipids and detoxification of toxins?

    <p>Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which phase of cell division do chromosomes become visible and the nuclear envelope dissolves?

    <p>Prophase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of RNA is involved in the regulation of gene expression by interfering with mRNA?

    <p>microRNA (miRNA)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common consequence of mutations in the DNA sequence of a gene?

    <p>Alteration in the amino acid sequence of the encoded protein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do lysosomes play in the cell?

    <p>Degradation of intracellular debris through enzymatic digestion</p> Signup and view all the answers

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