29 Questions
What is the main function of the nucleus in a eukaryotic cell?
Controlling cell activities and storing genetic material
Which cell organelle is responsible for assembling ribosomes?
Nucleoli
What is the Greek meaning of the term 'Eukaryotes'?
True nuclei
What is the function of centrioles in a cell?
Cell division
Which organelle in a eukaryotic cell is described as the largest and most prominent?
Nucleus
What is the main function of the cell membrane?
Providing mechanical support to the cell and aiding in cellular communication
Which substances are typically found at higher concentrations intracellularly?
Enzymes, glycogen, and K⁺ ions
What is the process responsible for moving solutes from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration within a solvent?
Diffusion
Which transport mechanism moves substances from a lower to a higher concentration and requires ATP?
Active transport
What is the term for the intake of extracellular material through vesicles?
Endocytosis
Which process involves the movement of water through a semipermeable membrane based on the concentration gradient of water?
Osmosis
What is the main function of cilia and flagella?
Act as fine, hair-like projections for cell movement
Which organelle is responsible for detoxifying alcohol and other toxic compounds in the cell?
Endoplasmic reticulum
In prokaryotic cells, which process is responsible for reproduction?
Binary fission
What is the main function of the capsule in a bacterial cell?
Protect the cell when engulfed and aid in attachment
Which characteristic sets prokaryotic cells apart from eukaryotic cells?
Presence of a nucleus
What is the main purpose of cell division in the cell cycle?
To form daughter cells necessary for growth and tissue repair
What is the main role of the cell membrane?
Regulate entry and exit of substances in the cell
Which phase of the cell cycle involves DNA synthesis to replicate the genetic material?
S phase
What type of cells undergo mitosis in the body of multicellular organisms?
Somatic cells
At what point in the G1 phase does a cell become committed to division?
Restriction point
What is the term used for the conceptus of fertilization composed of a single cell with a diploid nucleus?
Zygote
Which type of stem cells self-renew by mitosis?
(unspecified) adult stem cells
What is the main function of the G2 phase in the cell cycle?
To assemble cytoplasmic materials for mitosis and cytokinesis
During which phase of mitosis do the centromeres divide, and sister chromatids are pulled apart?
Anaphase
What is the correct order of the stages of mitosis?
Prophase, Telophase, Metaphase, Anaphase
What happens during prometaphase of mitosis?
Chromosomes migrate to the equatorial plane
Which phase of the cell cycle involves a reversal of processes observed during prophase?
Telophase
What characterizes metaphase in mitosis?
Chromosomes align along the metaphase plate
Explore the process of molecule synthesis in cells, including proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids. Understand how different types of molecules determine the structural and functional characteristics of cells. Learn about the complexity of eukaryotic cells and their 'good or true nuclei' origins.
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