18 Questions
In passive diffusion, how do molecules move?
From a region of higher concentration to lower concentration
Which transport mechanism requires a large concentration gradient for adequate nutrient uptake?
Active transport
What is a key feature of facilitated diffusion?
Uses protein channels or carriers
Which type of transport mechanism is crucial for nutrient uptake in microorganisms?
Active transport
What differentiates active transport from passive diffusion?
Utilizes energy and pumps molecules against the gradient
How do microorganisms primarily take in dissolved particles?
Diffusion through lipid bilayers
What is the main difference between macronutrients and trace elements?
Macronutrients are needed in larger quantities than trace elements.
Which of the following best describes facilitated diffusion?
Passive movement of molecules across a membrane down their concentration gradient with the help of channel proteins.
How do Gram-positive and Gram-negative cell walls differ?
Gram-positive cell walls have a thick layer of peptidoglycan, while Gram-negative cell walls have a thin layer of peptidoglycan.
What is the primary function of active transport in bacterial cells?
To move solutes from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration using energy.
What is the structure responsible for providing rigidity to bacterial cell walls?
Peptidoglycan
Which process involves the simultaneous transport and chemical modification of substances as they cross the plasma membrane?
Group translocation
What type of transport is characterized as not being energy-dependent?
Facilitated diffusion
Which substances can easily cross the plasma membrane via passive diffusion?
H2O, O2, and CO2
In what direction does the movement occur in active transport?
From low to high concentration
Which cell wall component contributes significantly to protecting bacterial cells from osmotic stress and toxic materials?
Peptidoglycan
Which type of bacteria has a thicker peptidoglycan layer: Gram-positive or Gram-negative?
Gram-positive
What type of proteins help facilitate substances passing through the plasma membrane by forming pores?
Channel proteins
Test your knowledge on the different mechanisms of substance movement across the cell membrane, including passive diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and the role of transport proteins. Understand how substances such as H2O, O2, and CO2 cross the plasma membrane and the factors affecting the rate of diffusion within cells.
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