Questions and Answers
What is passive transport?
What is equilibrium in the context of cell membranes?
When the concentration gradient is equal on both sides of the membrane.
What is diffusion?
The movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
What is osmosis?
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What is facilitated diffusion?
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What is a concentration gradient?
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What is an isotonic solution?
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What happens in a hypotonic solution?
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What is a hypertonic solution?
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What is active transport?
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Define hydrophilic.
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Define hydrophobic.
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What is endocytosis?
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What is exocytosis?
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What is a solute?
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What is a solvent?
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Study Notes
Transport Mechanisms
- Passive Transport: Energy-efficient process where molecules move from high to low concentration until equilibrium is achieved. Types include diffusion, osmosis, and facilitated transport.
- Active Transport: Requires energy (ATP) to move substances against the concentration gradient, from low to high concentration. Involves protein channels and vesicles for transport.
Concentration and Solutions
- Equilibrium: Achieved when concentration is equal on both sides of a membrane, leading to no net change in concentration.
- Concentration Gradient: Indicates the difference in concentration levels between two regions, essential for passive transport.
Types of Diffusion
- Diffusion: Natural movement of molecules from areas of higher concentration to lower concentration.
- Osmosis: Specifically refers to the diffusion of water molecules, moving from areas of high water concentration to low.
- Facilitated Diffusion: Involves transport proteins that assist in moving molecules from high to low concentration, tailored to specific substances.
Solution Types
- Isotonic Solution: Balanced water and solute concentrations inside and outside the cell, resulting in no net water movement.
- Hypotonic Solution: Lower concentration of dissolved substances outside the cell, leading to water influx, potential cell swelling, or bursting.
- Hypertonic Solution: Higher concentration of dissolved substances outside the cell, causing water to exit the cell and cell shrinkage.
Cellular Transport Processes
- Endocytosis: Active transport process where materials are engulfed by the cell using vesicles to bring substances inside.
- Exocytosis: Active transport process that expels materials from the cell through vesicles.
Solute and Solvent
- Solute: Any substance dissolved in a solution, such as salt or sugar, contributing to solute concentration.
- Solvent: The medium, usually water, in which solutes dissolve to form a solution.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the processes involved in moving molecules across the cell membrane with these flashcards. Learn about passive transport, equilibrium, and more! Perfect for biology students studying cell biology.
