18 Questions
What is the primary function of the membrane skeleton in red blood cells?
To anchor some integral proteins and allow others to diffuse laterally
What type of proteins use energy from ATP hydrolysis to transport ions across membranes?
Primary transporters
Which type of protein is characterized by partial insertion of hydrophobic peptides into the bilayer?
Prostaglandin synthase
What is the role of Src and annexins in the membrane?
To interact with charged lipid head groups through electrostatic interactions
What is the result of mutations in the genes for membrane skeleton proteins in red blood cells?
The red blood cells become more susceptible to lysis
What is the primary function of carriers and channels in membranes?
To depend on gradients created by primary transporters
What type of proteins are embedded within the lipid bilayer and have a functional role in the membrane?
Integral membrane proteins
What is the term for the structural elements that provide mechanical support to the membrane?
Membrane skeleton
Which type of proteins are loosely attached to the membrane and can be easily removed?
Peripheral membrane proteins
What is the term for the region of the protein that spans the membrane?
Transmembrane segment
Which type of proteins form a channel or pore in the membrane, allowing substances to pass through?
Pore-forming proteins
What is the term for the movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration, which is facilitated by transport proteins?
Concentration gradient
What is a characteristic of integral membrane proteins with multiple transmembrane helices?
Hydrophobic side chains facing the acyl chains in the core of the bilayer
What is the function of hydrophilic chains in the core of pore-forming integral membrane proteins?
Forming channels to transfer polar molecules across the bilayer
Which type of integral membrane proteins consist of transmembrane beta-strands wrapped into a barrel?
Porins
What is the function of lipid rafts in the plasma membrane?
Including special membrane proteins involved with signaling
How are peripheral membrane proteins attached to the bilayer?
Covalently bonded to a cysteine residue
What is the purpose of hydropathy plots in the study of integral membrane proteins?
Identifying transmembrane helices
Learn about the structure and composition of cell membranes, including the distribution of lipids and proteins. Understand how integral membrane proteins cross the lipid bilayer and identify transmembrane helices using hydropathy plots.
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