Cell Membrane Structure and Function
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Questions and Answers

Which organelle is responsible for the production of ATP in the cell?

  • Golgi apparatus
  • Endoplasmic reticulum
  • Chloroplast
  • Mitochondria (correct)

    • What is the function of the thylakoid space within the chloroplast?

  • It synthesizes carbohydrates using carbon dioxide
  • It produces ATP and NADPH through light reactions (correct)
  • It contains chlorophyll and other pigments for sunlight absorption
  • It forms flattened sacs called thylakoids

    • Which protein fibers play a role in cell shape and division?

  • Intermediate filaments
  • Microtubules
  • Centrioles
  • Actin filaments (correct)

    • What is the major microtubule-organizing center for the cell?

    <p>Centrosome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the chloroplast in a plant cell?

    <p>Photosynthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the mitochondria?

    <p>Cellular respiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of fibers maintain the shape stability of the cell?

    <p>Intermediate filaments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do the light reactions, producing ATP and NADPH, occur within the chloroplast?

    <p>Thylakoids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organelle is described as having a double membrane, inner membrane folds called cristae, and a semifluid matrix?

    <p>Mitochondria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of microtubules in a cell?

    <p>Maintaining cell shape and assisting in cell movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do the Calvin cycle reactions occur within a chloroplast?

    <p>Stroma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main role of actin filaments in a cell?

    <p>Maintaining cell shape and facilitating cellular movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organelle captures solar energy and converts CO2 and H2O to glucose?

    <p>Chloroplasts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of ATP in cells?

    <p>Supplies energy for cellular activities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the semifluid solution between the nucleus and cell membrane called?

    <p>Cytoplasm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organelle is responsible for oxidizing glucose to carbon dioxide and reducing oxygen to water?

    <p>Mitochondria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main component of cytoplasm?

    <p>Water and inorganic molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cellular structure is responsible for capturing solar energy?

    <p>Chloroplasts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of cytoplasm?

    <p>Site for cellular reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cellular structure is responsible for ATP production?

    <p>Mitochondria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the energy-related organelles in a cell?

    <p>Chloroplasts and mitochondria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cellular component contains actin filaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules?

    <p>Cytoskeleton</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of chloroplasts?

    <p>Photosynthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organelle contains a semifluid solution with water, inorganic molecules, and organic molecules?

    <p>Cytoplasm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of molecule is the polar (hydrophilic) head of the cell membrane?

    <p>Carbohydrate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of amphipathic molecules in the cell membrane?

    <p>Provides pathways for water and water-soluble substances to cross</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of proteins in the cell membrane?

    <p>Control chemical reactions inside the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of transport does not require energy and involves carrier proteins?

    <p>Facilitated diffusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane known as?

    <p>Osmosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which type of transport does the molecules follow their concentration gradient from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration?

    <p>Diffusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of transport occurs against the concentration gradient and requires energy in the form of ATP?

    <p>Active transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the sodium-potassium pump in active transport?

    <p>Transports ions and polar molecules against their concentration gradients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of ATP in cells?

    <p>Supplying energy for protein synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do the Calvin cycle reactions occur within a chloroplast?

    <p>Stroma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of microtubules in a cell?

    <p>Maintaining cell shape stability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main component of cytoplasm?

    <p>Water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of molecule is the polar (hydrophilic) head of the cell membrane?

    <p>Phospholipid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the thylakoid space within the chloroplast?

    <p>Producing ATP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cellular component contains actin filaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules?

    <p>Cytoskeleton</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of cytoplasm?

    <p>Protein synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the chloroplast in a plant cell?

    <p>Capturing solar energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of chloroplasts?

    <p>Capturing solar energy and converting CO2 and H2O to glucose.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main role of actin filaments in a cell?

    <p>Maintaining cell shape stability.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do the light reactions, producing ATP and NADPH, occur within the chloroplast?

    <p>Thylakoid space.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the stroma within a chloroplast?

    <p>Synthesizing carbohydrates using carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which molecule is mainly responsible for providing stability to the cell membrane?

    <p>Cholesterol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the centrioles in a cell?

    <p>Assisting in the movement of cell parts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of myosin in a cell?

    <p>Pulling actin filaments along using ATP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do the light reactions, producing ATP and NADPH, occur within a chloroplast?

    <p>Thylakoid space</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organelle is responsible for maintaining the shape stability of the cell?

    <p>Cytoskeleton</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of microtubules in a cell?

    <p>Maintaining the shape of the cell and acting as tracks for organelle movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of actin filaments in a cell?

    <p>Facilitating cellular movement and maintaining shape stability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of mitochondria in a cell?

    <p>Cellular respiration and energy production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the major microtubule-organizing center for the cell?

    <p>Centrosome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of intermediate filaments in a cell?

    <p>Supporting the nuclear envelope and plasma membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of chloroplasts in plant cells?

    <p>Synthesizing carbohydrates using carbon dioxide through photosynthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of transport involves the movement of large molecules such as proteins, polysaccharides, or nucleic acids across the cell membrane and requires energy?

    <p>Exocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of substances are impermeable to the plasma membrane and require an expenditure of energy to drive their transport?

    <p>Glucose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of carrier proteins in facilitated transport across the cell membrane?

    <p>They transport ions and polar molecules down the concentration gradient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of amphipathic molecules in the cell membrane?

    <p>To provide pathways for small non-polar molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane known as?

    <p>Osmosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cellular process involves the movement of macromolecules or even particles like bacteria across the cell membrane?

    <p>Endocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of peripheral proteins in the cell membrane?

    <p>They regulate chemical reactions inside the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of passive transport involves small molecules following their concentration gradient from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration?

    <p>Diffusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which type of transport do carrier proteins combine with specific molecules before changing shape and transporting the molecule across the membrane?

    <p>Facilitated diffusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the sodium-potassium pump in active transport?

    <p>To transport ions and polar molecules against the concentration gradient using ATP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of aquaporin in the cell membrane?

    <p>To allow diffusion of water through a channel protein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cellular transport requires vesicle formation for moving large molecules or particles like bacteria across the cell membrane?

    <p>Endocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

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