CH 2: Cell organelles
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the cell membrane?

  • To selectively allow substances to pass through (correct)
  • To store genetic material
  • To synthesize proteins within the cell
  • To provide structure to the cell

    • What is the role of carbohydrates in the cell membrane?

  • Facilitate cell recognition and signaling (correct)
  • Form the fundamental structure of the membrane
  • Regulate molecule transport
  • Assist in nutrient intake

    • Which structure assists in processes like nutrient intake and waste removal?

  • Microvilli and pseudopodia (correct)
  • Proteins
  • Phospholipid Bilayer
  • Carbohydrates

    • According to the fluid mosaic model, how is the cell membrane described?

    <p>A dynamic and fluid structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component creates a barrier protecting the contents of the cell?

    <p>Phospholipid Bilayer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of proteins in the cell membrane according to the text?

    <p>Regulate molecule transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do microvilli and pseudopodia contribute to cell function?

    <p>Assist in nutrient intake and waste removal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    "What is meant by 'selectively permeable' concerning the cell membrane?"

    <p>&quot;Blocking specific substances while allowing others to pass&quot;</p> Signup and view all the answers

    "How does the fluid mosaic model highlight the nature of proteins within the cell membrane?"

    <p>&quot;By emphasizing their constant motion within the membrane&quot;</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of transport moves molecules against their concentration gradient without energy input?

    <p>Carrier-facilitated transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of transport allows lipid-soluble molecules to pass through the cell membrane?

    <p>Simple diffusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of transport is utilized by ions like sodium and potassium to maintain essential cellular functions?

    <p>Active transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which special structure increases the surface area of the cell membrane to enhance absorption of nutrients?

    <p>Microvilli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structures are involved in the uptake of liquids and larger particles, respectively?

    <p>Pinocytotic vesicles and phagocytic vesicles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cellular component integrates closely with the cell membrane for structural support?

    <p>Cytoskeleton</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of transport moves molecules from an area of higher concentration to one of lower concentration?

    <p>Simple diffusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which substance is typically transported via carrier-facilitated diffusion?

    <p>Glucose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of transport is the diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane from an area of low solute concentration to one of higher concentration?

    <p>Osmosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do carrier proteins facilitate the movement of substances across the cell membrane?

    <p>By moving substances against their concentration gradient without energy input</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cellular structure plays a role in the uptake of liquids?

    <p>Phagocytic vesicles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of pinocytotic vesicles in a cell?

    <p>Uptake of liquids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of cellular transport, what is the main role of ATP?

    <p>Providing energy for active transport processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of transport mechanism is essential for ions like sodium and potassium to maintain cellular functions?

    <p>Active transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do microvilli contribute to the functioning of the cell membrane?

    <p>By increasing the surface area for nutrient absorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of substances pass through the cell membrane via simple diffusion?

    <p><strong>Lipid-soluble molecules</strong></p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the cytoskeleton in relation to the cell membrane?

    <p><strong>Structural support</strong></p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important for certain molecules to be transported against their concentration gradient?

    <p><strong>To maintain essential cellular functions</strong></p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of proteins in the cell membrane?

    <p>Assist in cell recognition and signaling processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do microvilli and pseudopodia contribute to cell function?

    <p>Assist in nutrient intake, waste removal, and cell adhesion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Regarding the fluid mosaic model, what does 'dynamic and fluid structure' imply about the cell membrane?

    <p>The membrane is constantly moving and flexible</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes the function of carbohydrates in the cell membrane?

    <p>Are involved in cell recognition and signaling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what way does the phospholipid bilayer contribute to the cell membrane's structure?

    <p>Forms a fundamental barrier protecting the cell contents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do modifications like microvilli and pseudopodia differ from proteins in terms of function within the cell membrane?

    <p>Assist in nutrient intake and waste removal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Selective permeability' of the cell membrane means:

    <p>Only certain substances can enter or exit the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do carrier and channel proteins play in the cell membrane?

    <p>Facilitate or hinder transport of molecules across the membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the fluid mosaic model describe proteins within the cell membrane?

    <p>Floating and moving dynamically within the phospholipid bilayer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do proteins contribute to the cell membrane's function?

    <p>By aiding in cell recognition and signaling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect of the fluid mosaic model emphasizes the adaptability of the cell membrane?

    <p>The dynamic motion of lipids and proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of carbohydrates in the cell membrane?

    <p>Aiding in cell-cell recognition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what way do microvilli and pseudopodia contribute differently to cell function compared to proteins?

    <p>By assisting in nutrient intake and cell adhesion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the phospholipid bilayer impact the structure of the cell membrane?

    <p>By forming a flexible and protective barrier</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately describes the function of modifications like microvilli and pseudopodia?

    <p>They increase surface area for absorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the critical roles of carrier and channel proteins within the cell membrane?

    <p>Facilitating transportation of molecules across the membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do carrier proteins differ from phospholipids in their functions within the cell membrane?

    <p>Carrier proteins regulate membrane transport, unlike phospholipids that form a protective barrier</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an essential function of microvilli that distinguishes them from other structures within the cell membrane?

    <p>Aiding in nutrient intake</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which transport mechanism is utilized to maintain the balance of sodium and potassium ions in a neuron during the generation of an action potential?

    <p>Active transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which transport mechanism is responsible for the movement of large protein molecules across the cell membrane?

    <p>Endocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cellular structure facilitates the transfer of lipid-soluble molecules between the endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi apparatus?

    <p>Vesicles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which transport mechanism is primarily responsible for the movement of water into and out of a cell to maintain osmotic balance?

    <p>Osmosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cellular structure is involved in the defense response, engulfing and destroying foreign particles or pathogens?

    <p>Phagocytic vesicles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which transport mechanism is essential for the uptake of essential nutrients, such as glucose and amino acids, by intestinal cells?

    <p>Carrier-facilitated transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of transport mechanism is involved in the release of neurotransmitters from presynaptic neurons into the synaptic cleft?

    <p>Exocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cellular structure is responsible for maintaining the shape and structural integrity of the cell?

    <p>Cytoskeleton</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of transport mechanism is utilized by multidrug resistance (MDR) proteins to remove chemotherapeutic drugs from cancer cells?

    <p>Active transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

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