Cell Membrane Interactions
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Questions and Answers

What is the function of CCR5 in HIV infection?

  • It is not essential for HIV infection
  • It is a type of protein
  • It prevents HIV from infecting the cell
  • It helps HIV infect the cell (correct)

What do membrane carbohydrates recognize on the surface of other cells?

  • Molecules containing carbohydrates (correct)
  • Lipids only
  • Nucleic acids
  • Proteins only

What determines the asymmetrical distribution of proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates in the plasma membrane?

  • The lysosomes
  • The ER and Golgi apparatus (correct)
  • The extracellular matrix
  • The cytoskeleton

What is attached to lipids in glycolipids?

<p>Carbohydrates (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are membrane carbohydrates most commonly attached?

<p>To proteins (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for proteins with attached carbohydrates?

<p>Glycoproteins (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of passive transport across a membrane?

<p>It is the diffusion of a substance without energy investment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the tendency of molecules in diffusion?

<p>To spread out evenly into the available space (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the direction of diffusion of substances in a population?

<p>Directional, although individual molecules move randomly (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the state at which the rate of diffusion is equal in both directions?

<p>Dynamic equilibrium (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the direction of net diffusion of a substance?

<p>Towards the region of lower concentration (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is the diffusion of a substance across a biological membrane considered passive transport?

<p>Because no energy is expended by the cell to move substances (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of membrane proteins mixing after 1 hour in a hybrid cell?

<p>Mixed proteins are present (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to membranes as temperatures cool?

<p>They switch from a fluid state to a solid state (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the sodium-potassium pump?

<p>To pump Na+ out of the cell and K+ into the cell (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are membranes rich in unsaturated fatty acids more fluid?

<p>Because they prevent tight packing (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of cholesterol in animal cell membranes at warm temperatures?

<p>To restrain movement of phospholipids (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the shape of the sodium-potassium pump protein after Na+ binding and phosphorylation?

<p>The protein's shape changes to decrease its affinity for Na+ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is released outside the cell after phosphorylation of the sodium-potassium pump protein?

<p>Na+ (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of cholesterol in animal cell membranes at cool temperatures?

<p>To maintain fluidity by preventing tight packing (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do plants use to buffer membrane fluidity?

<p>Related steroid lipids (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is gained by the sodium-potassium pump protein after releasing the phosphate group?

<p>A higher affinity for Na+ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the energy source used by the sodium-potassium pump?

<p>ATP (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process by which the sodium-potassium pump moves ions across the cell membrane?

<p>Active transport (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which a cell takes in macromolecules?

<p>Endocytosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the type of endocytosis where a cell engulfs a particle in a vacuole?

<p>Phagocytosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the process by which a cell engulfs a particle in a vacuole, and then fuses with a lysosome to digest the particle?

<p>Phagocytosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of 'cellular drinking'?

<p>Pinocytosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of 'cellular eating'?

<p>Phagocytosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many types of endocytosis are there?

<p>Three (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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