Cell Membrane Fluidity
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a feature of all biological membranes?

  • Self-healing properties: Inability to repair damage and seal breaches
  • Permeability: Ability to flow freely without any restrictions
  • Rigidity: Inability to change shape without losing integrity or becoming leaky
  • Compartmentalization: Inability to separate different cellular components (correct)
  • What is the role of cholesterol in the cell membrane?

  • To prevent the formation of lipid bilayers
  • To decrease membrane fluidity
  • To act as a fluidity buffer (correct)
  • To increase membrane rigidity
  • What determines the structure and flexibility of the lipid bilayer?

  • Cellular pH
  • Protein composition
  • Temperature (correct)
  • DNA sequence
  • Which technique was used to visualize the phospholipids in the lipid bilayer?

    <p>Electron microscopy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of vesicles in the cell membrane?

    <p>To transport lipids across the bilayer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When did researchers first recognize the ability of lipid molecules to diffuse freely within lipid bilayers?

    <p>Around 1970</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of membrane is commonly used as model membranes in experimental studies?

    <p>Liposomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process called when a lipid bilayer changes from a liquid state to a two-dimensional rigid crystalline state?

    <p>Phase transition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a factor that affects the fluidity of a lipid bilayer?

    <p>Temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the movement of phospholipids within the lipid bilayer?

    <p>Lateral diffusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process called when lipids flip from one side of the lipid bilayer to the other?

    <p>Flip-flop</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of microscopy technique is used to demonstrate lateral diffusion in membranes?

    <p>Fluorescence microscopy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common function of the extracellular matrix (ECM)?

    <p>Cell adhesion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of fibroblasts in the ECM?

    <p>Producing and secreting ECM</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of connective tissue consists of collagen fibers and bone mineral?

    <p>Bone tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) in the ECM?

    <p>Structural support</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of macromolecules in the ECM is rich in proline and glycine amino acids?

    <p>Fibrous proteins like collagen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are collagen fibrils?

    <p>Long, stiff, triple-stranded helical proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which protein is responsible for giving tissues their elasticity, such as skin, blood vessels, and lungs?

    <p>Elastin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of bonds join the molecules of elastin together to generate a cross-linked network?

    <p>Covalent bonds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which protein plays an important role in tissue repair, regulating cell attachment and motility, and embryogenesis?

    <p>Fibronectin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary organizer of the sheet structure of the basal lamina?

    <p>Laminin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which family of transmembrane proteins facilitate cell adhesion and mediate cellular signals?

    <p>Integrins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of bonds hold the three long polypeptide chains of laminin together?

    <p>Disulfide bonds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which state is the lipid bilayer in at low temperatures?

    <p>Paracrystalline state</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect do unsaturated fatty acids have on the melting point of the lipid bilayer?

    <p>Decrease the melting point</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does cholesterol have on the fluidity of the membrane at high temperatures?

    <p>Decreases fluidity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of cis-double bonds in membrane phospholipids?

    <p>Decrease the tendency of hydrocarbon tails to interact</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of cholesterol in the lipid bilayer?

    <p>Increase permeability-barrier properties</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does a shorter hydrocarbon chain have on the fluidity of the membrane at lower temperatures?

    <p>Increases fluidity</p> Signup and view all the answers

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