Cell Membrane Fluidity
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a feature of all biological membranes?

  • Flexibility
  • Ability to change composition (correct)
  • Ability to change shape without losing integrity or becoming leaky
  • Ability to flow
  • What is the role of cholesterol in the cell membrane?

  • To act as a 'fluidity buffer' (correct)
  • To decrease membrane fluidity
  • To prevent the formation of vesicles
  • To increase membrane rigidity
  • What is the function of the extracellular matrix in cell physiology?

  • To regulate membrane fluidity
  • To transport molecules across the membrane
  • To facilitate vesicle formation
  • To provide structural support (correct)
  • What determines the structure and flexibility of the lipid bilayer?

    <p>Temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are vesicles?

    <p>Liquid-filled compartments enclosed by a lipid bilayer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the result of the first demonstrations of lipid molecule diffusion within lipid bilayers?

    <p>Recognition of the fluidity of biological membranes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of membranes are commonly used as model membranes in experimental studies?

    <p>Liposomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using black membranes?

    <p>To measure the permeability properties of synthetic membranes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process called when phospholipids move from one leaflet of the lipid bilayer to the other?

    <p>Flip-flop</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of proteins catalyze the flip-flop movement of phospholipids?

    <p>Flippases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main factor that determines the fluidity of a lipid bilayer?

    <p>Phospholipid content (FA length and saturation)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the lipid bilayer stabilized?

    <p>By hydrophobic interactions between lipids' fatty acid chains</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which protein gives tissues their elasticity, such as skin, blood vessels, and lungs?

    <p>Elastin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which protein is a multifunctional adhesive glycoprotein that plays a role in tissue repair, cell attachment, and motility?

    <p>Fibronectin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which protein is the primary organizer of the sheet structure of the basal lamina?

    <p>Laminin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of proteins facilitate cell adhesion and mediate cellular signals in various types of cells?

    <p>Integrins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many distinct genes in the human genome code for different collagen chains?

    <p>42</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of all epithelia is thin, flexible, and tough?

    <p>Basal lamina</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which state is the lipid bilayer in at low temperatures?

    <p>Paracrystalline state</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect do unsaturated fatty acids have on the melting point of the lipid bilayer?

    <p>Decrease the melting point</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does a shorter hydrocarbon chain in membrane phospholipids have on the fluidity of the membrane?

    <p>Increases fluidity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of cholesterol in the plasma membrane?

    <p>Decreases fluidity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does an increase in saturated fatty acids content have on the melting point of the lipid bilayer?

    <p>Increase the melting point</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does an increase in unsaturated fatty acids content have on the melting point of the lipid bilayer?

    <p>Decrease the melting point</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Proteoglycans are formed by the combination of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and what other component?

    <p>Fibrous proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of tissue has collagen fibers and bone mineral in its extracellular matrix?

    <p>Bone tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cells produce and secrete the extracellular matrix in connective tissue?

    <p>Fibroblasts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the extracellular matrix in biology?

    <p>Structural and biochemical support to surrounding cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are basement membranes/basal lamina found in animal tissues?

    <p>On the basal side of epithelial and endothelial tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the major classes of macromolecules found in the extracellular matrix?

    <p>Glycosaminoglycans, fibrous proteins, and non-collagen fibrous proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

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