Cell Membrane and Transport Mechanisms
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Questions and Answers

What is the function of the cell membrane?

The cell membrane forms the outer boundary of an animal cell and sits just inside the cell wall of a plant cell. It is selectively permeable, meaning it controls what substances can enter and leave the cell.

Passive transport requires energy to move substances across a membrane.

False

Which of the following describes active transport?

  • Movement of substances across a membrane against their concentration gradients. (correct)
  • Diffusion of water across a membrane.
  • Movement of substances across a membrane down their concentration gradients.
  • Movement of molecules through carrier proteins.
  • What is simple diffusion?

    <p>Simple diffusion is the movement of small molecules like water, dissolved gases, or lipid-soluble molecules across a phospholipid bilayer membrane from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does facilitated transport differ from simple diffusion?

    <p>Facilitated transport uses channels or carrier proteins to help larger, water-soluble molecules or ions move across the cell membrane down their concentration gradient.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is osmosis?

    <p>Osmosis is the diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of high water concentration to an area of low water concentration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to a cell placed in a hypotonic solution?

    <p>The cell expands.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a hypertonic solution:

    <p>The cell loses water and shrinks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an isotonic solution?

    <p>An isotonic solution has the same concentration of solutes as the cell, meaning the water concentration is equal inside and outside the cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Cell Membrane

    • Forms the outer boundary of animal cells, and lies just inside the cell wall in plant cells.
    • Selectively permeable, controlling what enters and exits the cell.

    Passive Transport

    • Substances move across the membrane from high to low concentration.
    • This movement does not require energy.

    Active Transport

    • Movement of small molecules or ions against their concentration gradient through the membrane.
    • Requires energy input.

    Simple Diffusion (Passive)

    • Movement of water, dissolved gases across the phospholipid bilayer membrane.
    • Substance moves from high concentration to low concentration.

    Facilitated Transport (Passive)

    • Movement of water, ions, or water-soluble molecules through membrane channels or carrier proteins.
    • Movement from high to low concentration.

    Osmosis (Passive)

    • The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane.
    • Water moves from high water concentration to low water concentration

    Hypotonic Solution

    • Lower solute concentration than the cell.
    • Higher water concentration than the cell.
    • Cell swells or bursts.

    Hypertonic Solution

    • Higher solute concentration than the cell.
    • Lower water concentration than the cell.
    • Cell shrinks or shrivels.

    Isotonic Solution

    • Same solute concentration as the cell.
    • Same water concentration as the cell.
    • Cell size remains constant.

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    Description

    This quiz explores the structure and functions of the cell membrane, including passive and active transport mechanisms. It covers concepts such as simple diffusion, facilitated transport, and osmosis while highlighting the importance of selective permeability in cellular processes.

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