Cell Membrane Functions and Transport Mechanisms

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Questions and Answers

What does the cell membrane control?

It controls what enters and exits the cell.

The cell membrane maintains an internal balance called what?

Homeostasis

The cell membrane lets some things in and some things out of the cell. The cell membrane is...?

Selectively Permeable

What are the two types of passive transport?

Diffusion and Osmosis Signup and view all the answers

What is diffusion?

The movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. Signup and view all the answers

What do the particles do in diffusion?

They spread out to less crowded areas. Signup and view all the answers

What is osmosis?

The diffusion of water. Signup and view all the answers

Does passive transport go from a high concentration to a low concentration?

True Signup and view all the answers

Does passive transport use energy?

False Signup and view all the answers

What are the three types of active transport?

Endocytosis, Exocytosis, and Protein Pumps Signup and view all the answers

What is active transport?

When a cell needs to move particles against the concentration gradient. Signup and view all the answers

Does active transport use energy?

True Signup and view all the answers

Does active transport move from high to low or low to high?

Low to high Signup and view all the answers

Does active transport go from a high concentration to a low concentration?

False Signup and view all the answers

What is endocytosis?

Taking bulky material into a cell. Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of endocytosis?

Some particles are too big to enter through protein channels. The cell can surround a substance and make a vacuole/vesicle. Signup and view all the answers

What does 'endo' mean?

In Signup and view all the answers

What is exocytosis?

Forcing material out of the cell in bulk. Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of exocytosis?

When particles are too big to exit through protein channels, the membrane surrounding the material comes together with the cell membrane and changes shape. Signup and view all the answers

What does 'exo' mean?

Out Signup and view all the answers

Active or Passive?

Active Signup and view all the answers

Active or Passive?

Passive Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Cell Membrane Functions

Controls entry and exit of substances in the cell.
Maintains internal balance known as homeostasis.
Has a property of being selectively permeable, allowing specific substances to pass.

Transport Mechanisms

Divided into two categories: passive transport and active transport.
Passive transport includes diffusion and osmosis.

Passive Transport

Diffusion: Movement of particles from an area of high concentration to low concentration.
In diffusion, particles spread out in less crowded areas while still moving.
Osmosis: Diffusion specific to water, moving from high water concentration to low water concentration.
Passive transport occurs from high to low concentration without using energy.

Active Transport

Requires energy to move particles against their concentration gradient (low to high).
Involves three types: endocytosis, exocytosis, and protein pumps.
Does not allow movement from high to low concentration.

Endocytosis

Process of taking in bulky materials by surrounding substances to form a vacuole or vesicle.
Example: White blood cells engulfing bacteria.
"Endo" translates to "in."

Exocytosis

Forcing materials out of the cell in bulk; the vesicle merges with the cell membrane.
Example: Release of hormones or waste from a cell.
"Exo" translates to "out."

Energy Use in Transport

Passive transport does not require energy.
Active transport requires energy for the movement of substances.

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Description

Explore the essential functions of the cell membrane and the various transport mechanisms that facilitate substance movement. This quiz will cover passive and active transport processes, including diffusion and osmosis, and their roles in maintaining cellular homeostasis.