26 Questions
Which structure acts as a hydrophobic barrier to keep hydrophilic molecules out of the cell?
Phospholipid bilayer
What is the main function of glycolipids and glycoproteins in the cell membrane?
Cell-cell recognition
Which transport mechanism requires energy (ATP) and moves substances against their concentration gradient?
Active transport
What is the process by which cells take in macromolecules and form new vesicles?
Phagocytosis
In cell signaling, which step involves the activation of a cellular response after the reception and transduction of a signal?
Response
What is the approximate composition of proteins and lipids in the plasma membrane of human red blood cells?
60% protein, 40% lipid (55% phospholipid, 25% cholesterol, 18% glycolipid, 2% fatty acid)
Which model of the plasma membrane proposed the 'Sandwich model' in 1935?
Davson/Danielli
What does the term 'selectively permeable' refer to in the context of the plasma membrane?
Allows some substances to cross more easily than others
What does the term 'Fluid Mosaic Model' indicate about the structure of the plasma membrane?
Membrane is held together by weak interactions
Which method revealed the structure of the membrane's interior by using freeze-fracture technique?
Freeze-fracture method
What is the approximate composition of cholesterol in the plasma membrane of human red blood cells?
18%
What does the freeze-fracture method reveal about the structure of the membrane's interior?
The arrangement of phospholipids
What is the main function of glycolipids and glycoproteins in the cell membrane?
Facilitate cell signaling
What does the term 'Fluid Mosaic Model' indicate about the structure of the plasma membrane?
The components are constantly moving and changing positions
Which type of protein aids in the movement of glucose through human red blood cells?
Carrier proteins
In which type of transport does water move from an area of higher water potential to lower water potential?
Osmosis
What is the main function of glycolipids and glycoproteins in the cell membrane?
Cell-cell recognition
What type of endocytosis involves the intake of fluids by the cell?
Pinocytosis
Which process involves the expulsion of vesicle contents by fusing with the cell membrane?
Exocytosis
What type of proteins aid in the attachment of the cell membrane to the cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix (ECM)?
Integral proteins
Which molecule is involved in direct active transport and moves substances against their concentration gradient?
$Na^+$
What is the primary function of aquaporins in the cell membrane?
$H_2O$ transport
Which molecule is known for its involvement in receptor-mediated endocytosis?
$LDL$ cholesterol
What is the primary function of cholesterol in the plasma membrane?
Regulation of membrane fluidity
Which type of transport involves the movement of ions through channel proteins or carrier proteins?
Facilitated diffusion
What is the primary function of peripheral proteins in the cell membrane?
Attachment to the cytoskeleton & extracellular matrix (ECM)
Test your knowledge of cell membrane and cell communication with questions about plasma membrane models, cell membrane structure and function, movement of substances through membranes, and cell communication methods.
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