Cell-Mediated Immunity Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the cytokine that induces TH1 development?

  • Interferon-γ (IFN-γ)
  • Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β)
  • Interleukin-12 (IL-12) (correct)
  • Interleukin-4 (IL-4)
  • Which transcription factor is involved in the differentiation of TH2 cells?

  • T-bet
  • RORγT
  • STAT proteins
  • GATA-3 (correct)
  • What is the role of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) in the TH1 response?

  • Activates eosinophils
  • Stimulates the production of IgE antibodies
  • Activates macrophages and B cells (correct)
  • Induces inflammation
  • What is the function of mast cells in the immune response?

    <p>Activation by IgE and destruction of helminths</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cytokine stimulates the production of IgE antibodies?

    <p>Interleukin-4 (IL-4)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of TH1 cells in the immune response?

    <p>Activate macrophages to kill ingested microbes and stimulate antibody production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism by which Th cells direct all aspects of immunity?

    <p>Secretion of cytokines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of pathogens have to replicate inside host cells?

    <p>Viruses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which type of immunity does the Th1 response play a significant role?

    <p>Cell-mediated immunity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cells are specialized to operate against cells bearing intracellular organisms?

    <p>Natural Killer (NK) cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Cytokines and Immune Responses

    • Interleukin-12 (IL-12) is the cytokine that induces the development of T helper 1 (TH1) cells.
    • The transcription factor GATA-3 is crucial for the differentiation of T helper 2 (TH2) cells.

    TH1 Response and Interferon-γ

    • Interferon-γ (IFN-γ) plays a pivotal role in the TH1 immune response by activating macrophages, enhancing their ability to kill intracellular pathogens.
    • IFN-γ promotes the differentiation of naive T cells into TH1 cells, supporting the cellular immune response.

    Functions of Mast Cells

    • Mast cells are key players in the immune response, primarily involved in allergic reactions and defense against parasites.
    • They release histamines and other mediators that facilitate immediate hypersensitivity reactions.

    Cytokines and Antibody Production

    • Interleukin-4 (IL-4) is the cytokine that stimulates the production of Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies, which are important in allergic responses and defense against helminths.

    Role of TH1 Cells

    • TH1 cells are integral to cell-mediated immunity, coordinating responses against intracellular pathogens such as viruses and some bacteria.
    • They enhance the immune response by producing cytokines that activate other immune cells, including cytotoxic T cells and macrophages.

    Th Cells and Immunity

    • T helper (Th) cells direct all aspects of immunity primarily through cytokine production, influencing the activation and differentiation of various immune cells.

    Pathogens and Host Cells

    • Intracellular pathogens, such as certain viruses and some bacteria, must replicate inside host cells to propagate and evade immune detection.

    Immune Response Types

    • The TH1 response plays a significant role in adaptive cell-mediated immunity, particularly during infections with intracellular pathogens.

    Specialized Immune Cells

    • CD8+ T cells, also known as cytotoxic T lymphocytes, are specialized to target and eliminate cells bearing intracellular organisms, playing a crucial role in managing infections.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge of cell-mediated immunity, including the interactions between macrophages, B cells, T cells, and cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Explore the role of T-helper cells in activating macrophages and the functions of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes in killing infected cells.

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