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Questions and Answers
Why is it important that cells divide?
Why is it important that cells divide?
What is the process by which cells replicate and divide called?
What is the process by which cells replicate and divide called?
Cell cycle
What are the two main parts of the cell cycle?
What are the two main parts of the cell cycle?
During which phase of the cell cycle does the cell spend the majority of its life?
During which phase of the cell cycle does the cell spend the majority of its life?
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What are the three sub-phases of Interphase?
What are the three sub-phases of Interphase?
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During the G1 phase of Interphase, the cell performs its functions like metabolism and functions of the tissues in the body.
During the G1 phase of Interphase, the cell performs its functions like metabolism and functions of the tissues in the body.
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During the S phase of Interphase, genetic material is copied.
During the S phase of Interphase, genetic material is copied.
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During the G2 phase of Interphase, the cell increases the volume of the cytoplasm and copies organelles.
During the G2 phase of Interphase, the cell increases the volume of the cytoplasm and copies organelles.
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What type of cell division occurs in body cells?
What type of cell division occurs in body cells?
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Mitosis produces two new cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell.
Mitosis produces two new cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell.
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Mitosis is the process in which the DNA of the cell's nucleus is split into two equal sets of chromosomes.
Mitosis is the process in which the DNA of the cell's nucleus is split into two equal sets of chromosomes.
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What is the first phase of Mitosis?
What is the first phase of Mitosis?
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What happens to the nuclear membrane during prophase?
What happens to the nuclear membrane during prophase?
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What do chromosomes form during prophase?
What do chromosomes form during prophase?
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What is the second phase of Mitosis?
What is the second phase of Mitosis?
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Where do the chromosomes line up during metaphase?
Where do the chromosomes line up during metaphase?
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What are the chromosomes attached to during metaphase?
What are the chromosomes attached to during metaphase?
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What pulls the chromosomes apart during anaphase?
What pulls the chromosomes apart during anaphase?
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During telophase, the cell begins to divide.
During telophase, the cell begins to divide.
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What is the last stage of the cell cycle?
What is the last stage of the cell cycle?
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Cytokinesis results in two daughter cells that are identical to the parent cell.
Cytokinesis results in two daughter cells that are identical to the parent cell.
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What type of cells does meiosis produce?
What type of cells does meiosis produce?
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In meiosis, one cell becomes four non-identical cells.
In meiosis, one cell becomes four non-identical cells.
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How many chromosomes do human cells have?
How many chromosomes do human cells have?
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How many chromosomes do human reproductive cells have?
How many chromosomes do human reproductive cells have?
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What is a helpful way to remember the stages of Mitosis?
What is a helpful way to remember the stages of Mitosis?
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What is a helpful way to remember the stages of the cell cycle?
What is a helpful way to remember the stages of the cell cycle?
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Where can you find a video of Mitosis hand motions?
Where can you find a video of Mitosis hand motions?
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Study Notes
Cell Division Study Guide
- Importance of Cell Division: Cells divide for growth, repair, and reproduction.
Cell Cycle
- Definition: The process by which cells replicate and divide.
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Parts:
- Interphase
- Mitosis (M phase)
Interphase
- Definition: The majority of a cell's life cycle is spent in interphase. Normal cell functions and growth to prepare the cell for division occur in this phase.
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Parts:
- G1 (Gap 1): Cell growth and performs functions like metabolism and body tissue.
- S (Synthesis): DNA synthesis; genetic material is copied.
- G2 (Gap 2): Cell further grows and prepares for division, increasing cytoplasm volume and copying organelles so each new cell receives a copy of the necessary structures.
Mitosis
- Definition: A type of cell division where one parent cell divides into two genetically identical daughter cells. It's crucial for growth and repair in body cells.
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Stages:
- Prophase: The first phase of mitosis, the nuclear membrane dissolves, and chromosomes form.
- Metaphase: Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell, attached to spindle fibers.
- Anaphase: Spindle fibers pull apart the chromosomes, and each side moves to opposite ends of the cell.
- Telophase: The cell begins to divide, and nuclear membranes form around each set of chromosomes.
- Cytokinesis: The final stage of the cell cycle where cytoplasm splits, resulting in two identical daughter cells, which have the same genetic information as the parent cell.
Mitosis vs. Meiosis
- Meiosis: Creates reproductive cells with half the genetic material of the parent cell (four non-identical cells).
- Mitosis: Creates identical body cells with identical genetic material relative to the parent cell(two identical cells).
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Chromosome Number:
- Mitosis: 46 chromosomes
- Meiosis: 23 chromosomes
Helpful Mnemonic Devices
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Mitosis Stages:
- Pass (Prophase)
- Me (Metaphase)
- A (Anaphase)
- Taco (Telophase)
- Cell Cycle Stages: Use the mnemonic "Interphase, Peed, Myself, At, Target, Checkout" to Remember I(Interphase), P(Prophase), M(Metaphase), A(Anaphase), T(Telophase), C(Cytokinesis)
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Description
Explore the vital processes of cell division, including the cell cycle and phases of mitosis. This study guide covers key concepts like interphase, DNA synthesis, and the significance of cellular reproduction. Perfect for biology students wanting a quick review!
