Cell Division Phases Quiz

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

What is the main difference between somatic cells and gametes in terms of chromosome number?

Somatic cells have the same number of chromosomes as gametes.

Somatic cells have diploid chromosomes while gametes have haploid chromosomes. (correct)

Somatic cells have haploid chromosomes while gametes have diploid chromosomes.

Somatic cells have half as many chromosomes as gametes.

During which process do sister chromatids separate from each other and sort into separate daughter cells?

Mitosis (correct)

Meiosis I

Crossing over

Homologous recombination

What is the function of cohesins in chromosome structure?

Facilitate homologous chromosome pairing

Enable crossing over to occur

Join sister chromatids together along their lengths (correct)

Promote chromosome duplication

Which phase of the cell cycle involves the duplication of all eukaryotic chromosomes?

Interphase Signup and view all the answers

Where are most of the genes stored in eukaryotic cells?

Nucleus Signup and view all the answers

What happens to chromatin to prepare for cell division in eukaryotic cells?

It becomes highly compact Signup and view all the answers

During which phase of the cell cycle does the division of the nucleus occur?

Mitotic phase Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct order of stages during mitosis?

Prophase, Prometaphase, Metaphase, Anaphase Signup and view all the answers

What process completes the mitotic phase by dividing the cytoplasm?

Cytokinesis Signup and view all the answers

In which phase of meiosis do homologous chromosomes pair up and crossing over occurs?

Prophase I Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the kinetochore in cell division?

Attaching to spindle fibers Signup and view all the answers

Which event occurs during Telophase of mitosis?

Nuclear envelope formation Signup and view all the answers

Where are different versions of a gene found within homologous chromosomes?

Locus Signup and view all the answers

What differentiates human sex chromosomes (X & Y) from autosomes?

Size & genetic composition Signup and view all the answers

What outcome arises from the behavior of chromosomes during meiosis & fertilization?

Genetic variation among offspring Signup and view all the answers

During meiosis, which process leads to the production of new combinations of genes different from those carried by the original parental chromosomes?

Crossing over Signup and view all the answers

How many possible chromosome combinations are there from independent assortment in each gamete of a human?

$8$ million Signup and view all the answers

What term describes the site where nonsister chromatids join and undergo crossing over during meiosis?

Chiasma Signup and view all the answers

In meiosis in humans, on average, how many crossover events occur per chromosome pair?

1-3 Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process by which each pair of chromosomes independently sorts maternal and paternal homologs into daughter cells?

Independent alignment Signup and view all the answers

What genetic event significantly increases genetic variability during meiosis?

Crossing over Signup and view all the answers

Trisomy 21 results in the inheritance of how many copies of chromosome 21?

3 Signup and view all the answers

Which type of chromosome structure alteration involves the loss of a chromosome segment?

Deletion Signup and view all the answers

How does crossing over contribute to genetic variability during meiosis?

By exchanging genetic material between homologous chromosomes Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason for the increased incidence of Trisomy 21 with maternal age?

Higher likelihood of chromosomal errors during egg production in older women Signup and view all the answers