Cell Division in Eukaryotes: Mitosis vs. Meiosis

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During which phase of the cell cycle do cells increase in size and replicate their DNA?

G2 phase

G1 phase (correct)

Mitotic phase

S phase

What is the function of a centromere during cell division?

Produces a nucleolus

Forms sister chromatids

Binds microtubules of the spindle to the chromosome (correct)

Initiates DNA replication

During which phase of mitosis do sister chromatids separate into individual chromosomes?

Prophase

Anaphase (correct)

Telophase

Metaphase

What happens during prophase of mitosis?

Chromosomes begin to condense Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of cohesins during cell division?

Hold sister chromatids together until anaphase Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of crossing over during meiosis?

Create genetic variation Signup and view all the answers

In which phase do homologous chromosomes line up at the metaphase plate in meiosis?

Metaphase I Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle serves as the main microtubule organizing center of the cell?

Centrosome Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between mitosis and meiosis in terms of chromosome number?

Meiosis results in daughter cells with different genetic information Signup and view all the answers

What happens during prometaphase of mitosis?

Chromosomes condense and compact further Signup and view all the answers

What causes the spindle to attach to chromosomes during cell division?

Centrosomes Signup and view all the answers

Which phase of the cell cycle marks a phase where the cell has stopped dividing and left the cycle?

G0 phase Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle is responsible for forming the nuclear envelope during telophase?

Endoplasmic Reticulum Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the mitotic spindle during cell division?

Separate chromosomes during anaphase Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the synaptonemal complex in meiosis?

Hold homologous chromosomes together Signup and view all the answers

Which stage of the cell cycle involves replication of DNA?

Interphase Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of a nucleolus during cell division?

Produces ribosomes Signup and view all the answers

What happens to cohesins during anaphase of mitosis?

They separate sister chromatids Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the centromere during cell division?

It is where spindle fibers attach to move and separate chromosomes. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of cohesins during cell division?

Holding sister chromatids together until anaphase when they separate. Signup and view all the answers

During which phase of mitosis do chromosomes begin to condense?

Prophase Signup and view all the answers

What happens during the late G2 phase of the cell cycle?

The centrosome is duplicated. Signup and view all the answers

Which phase of the cell cycle involves cells increasing in size and replicating their DNA?

Gap 1 Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference in spindle attachment between mitosis and meiosis?

In mitosis, sister chromatids attach to the spindle, while in meiosis, homologous pairs attach. Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of crossing over during meiosis?

To increase genetic diversity by creating unique combinations of genes. Signup and view all the answers

In which phase does spindle attachment differ between mitosis and meiosis?

Metaphase I Signup and view all the answers

What happens to chromosome number during meiosis II?

It remains the same. Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during Anaphase I of meiosis that differs from Anaphase in mitosis?

Homologous pairs are separated in Anaphase I but not in mitosis. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main role of cohesins during cell division?

Holding sister chromatids together until anaphase Signup and view all the answers

During late G2 phase of the cell cycle, what has the cell already done?

Replicated its DNA Signup and view all the answers

What happens during prometaphase of mitosis?

Sister chromatids separate Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the centrosome during cell division?

Organizing microtubules Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the spindle during mitosis?

Organizing microtubules Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between Anaphase I of meiosis and Anaphase of mitosis?

Homologous chromosomes separate in Anaphase I of meiosis, while sister chromatids separate in Anaphase of mitosis. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the synaptonemal complex in meiosis?

To hold homologous chromosomes together during Prophase I Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of Meiosis II following Meiosis I?

To produce haploid cells with non-duplicated chromosomes Signup and view all the answers

During Meiosis I - Prophase I, what process occurs between paired chromosomes?

Crossing over Signup and view all the answers

How do the spindle attachments differ between Metaphase I of meiosis and Metaphase of mitosis?

In meiosis Metaphase I, homologue pairs attach to spindles on opposite sides; in mitosis Metaphase, sister chromatids attach to the spindle. Signup and view all the answers

Cell Division in Eukaryotes: Mitosis vs. Meiosis

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Questions and Answers

During which phase of the cell cycle do cells increase in size and replicate their DNA?

What is the function of a centromere during cell division?

During which phase of mitosis do sister chromatids separate into individual chromosomes?

What happens during prophase of mitosis?

What is the role of cohesins during cell division?

What is the purpose of crossing over during meiosis?

In which phase do homologous chromosomes line up at the metaphase plate in meiosis?

Which organelle serves as the main microtubule organizing center of the cell?

What is the main difference between mitosis and meiosis in terms of chromosome number?

What happens during prometaphase of mitosis?

What causes the spindle to attach to chromosomes during cell division?

Which phase of the cell cycle marks a phase where the cell has stopped dividing and left the cycle?

Which organelle is responsible for forming the nuclear envelope during telophase?

What is the main function of the mitotic spindle during cell division?

What is the function of the synaptonemal complex in meiosis?

Which stage of the cell cycle involves replication of DNA?

What is the role of a nucleolus during cell division?

What happens to cohesins during anaphase of mitosis?

What is the role of the centromere during cell division?

What is the main function of cohesins during cell division?

During which phase of mitosis do chromosomes begin to condense?

What happens during the late G2 phase of the cell cycle?

Which phase of the cell cycle involves cells increasing in size and replicating their DNA?

What is the main difference in spindle attachment between mitosis and meiosis?

What is the significance of crossing over during meiosis?

In which phase does spindle attachment differ between mitosis and meiosis?

What happens to chromosome number during meiosis II?

What occurs during Anaphase I of meiosis that differs from Anaphase in mitosis?

What is the main role of cohesins during cell division?

During late G2 phase of the cell cycle, what has the cell already done?

What happens during prometaphase of mitosis?

What is the primary role of the centrosome during cell division?

What is the function of the spindle during mitosis?

What is the main difference between Anaphase I of meiosis and Anaphase of mitosis?

What is the role of the synaptonemal complex in meiosis?

What is the significance of Meiosis II following Meiosis I?

During Meiosis I - Prophase I, what process occurs between paired chromosomes?

How do the spindle attachments differ between Metaphase I of meiosis and Metaphase of mitosis?

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