Cell Division and Mitosis Terminology Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is cell division?

Period of the cell cycle between cell divisions

Division of the cytoplasm during cell division

Chromosomes line up across the center of the cell

Process by which a cell divides into two new daughter cells (correct)

What occurs during interphase?

The period of the cell cycle between cell divisions.

What is mitosis?

Part of eukaryotic cell division during which the cell nucleus divides.

What is cytokinesis?

Division of the cytoplasm during cell division. Signup and view all the answers

What happens during prophase?

The chromosomes become visible and the centrioles separate. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main event in metaphase?

Chromosomes line up across the center of the cell. Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during anaphase?

Chromosome pairs separate and move toward opposite poles. Signup and view all the answers

What happens during telophase?

Chromosomes begin to disperse into a tangle of dense material. Signup and view all the answers

What is a chromatid?

One of two identical 'sister' parts of a duplicated chromosome. Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the centromere?

Area where the chromatids of a chromosome are attached. Signup and view all the answers

What is the cell cycle?

Series of events that cells go through as they grow and divide. Signup and view all the answers

What is a centriole?

One of two tiny structures located in the cytoplasm of animal cells near the nuclear envelope. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of a spindle during mitosis?

Fanlike microtubule structure that helps separate the chromosomes. Signup and view all the answers

What do cyclins do?

Regulate the timing of the cell cycle in eukaryotic cells. Signup and view all the answers

What is cancer?

A disorder in which some of the body's own cells lose the ability to control growth. Signup and view all the answers

What is a kinetochore?

A specialized region on the centromere that links each sister chromatid to the mitotic spindle. Signup and view all the answers

What is a cleavage furrow?

The division in animal cell cytoplasm caused by the pinching in of the cell membrane. Signup and view all the answers

What happens during the G1 phase?

Cells grow. Signup and view all the answers

What is the S phase?

Chromosomes are replicated and the synthesis of DNA molecules takes place. Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during the G2 phase?

Many of the organelles and molecules required for cell division are produced. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Cell Division and Growth Terminology

Cell Division: The process that results in two new daughter cells from a single parent cell.
Interphase: The stage between cell divisions, encompassing growth and preparation for mitosis.
Mitosis: A key phase in eukaryotic cell division where the cell nucleus splits into two.
Cytokinesis: The final stage of cell division where the cytoplasm divides, resulting in two separate cells.

Mitosis Stages

Prophase: Chromosomes become visible; centrioles move to opposite sides of the nucleus.
Metaphase: Chromosomes align along the cell's equatorial plane, preparing for separation.
Anaphase: Chromosome pairs separate and migrate toward opposite poles of the cell.
Telophase: Chromosomes disperse into a less dense form, marking the near end of mitosis.

Chromosomal Structures

Chromatid: Each half of a duplicated chromosome, appearing as identical sister strands.
Centromere: The region on a chromosome where sister chromatids connect.
Kinetochore: A specialized region on the centromere that attaches sister chromatids to the mitotic spindle.

Cell Cycle and Regulation

Cell Cycle: A series of phases that a cell goes through in preparation for division, including interphase and mitotic phases.
Centriole: Structures in animal cells that assist in cell division by organizing the spindle fibers.
Spindle: A framework of microtubules that helps segregate chromosomes during mitosis.
Cyclin: Proteins that regulate cell cycle timing in eukaryotic cells to ensure proper division.

Cell Division and Cancer

Cancer: A condition where cells lose regulatory control over growth, leading to uncontrolled division and proliferation.

Additional Cell Cycle Phases

G1 Phase: The initial growth phase where the cell increases in size.
S Phase: The synthesis phase where DNA replication occurs, ensuring each daughter cell receives a complete set of chromosomes.
G2 Phase: The phase following DNA synthesis where organelles and molecules necessary for mitosis are produced.

Cytoplasmic Division

Cleavage Furrow: The indentation that forms in the cell membrane of animal cells during cytokinesis, facilitating the separation into two cells.

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Description

Test your understanding of key terms and stages involved in cell division and mitosis. This quiz covers essential concepts including interphase, mitosis phases, and chromosomal structures, helping you reinforce your knowledge in cellular biology.