Cell Division and DNA Content Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the DNA content of cells at the end of the S phase if they started with an average of 8 picograms of DNA per nucleus?

  • 8 picograms
  • 4 picograms
  • 12 picograms
  • 16 picograms (correct)
  • Which process do somatic cells derived from a single-celled zygote primarily use for division?

  • Cytokinesis alone
  • Meiosis
  • Binary fission
  • Replication (correct)
  • What stage of mitosis is indicated when replicated chromosomes are aligned along the center (equator) of a cell in onion root tip cells?

  • Prophase
  • Telophase
  • Anaphase
  • Prometaphase (correct)
  • In mitosis, what event must occur for anaphase to begin?

    <p>Cohesin must attach the sister chromatids to each other.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do chromosomes coil during mitosis?

    <p>To facilitate chromosome movement and separation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?

    <p>S phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of kinetochores during mitosis?

    <p>Anchoring spindle microtubules to chromosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which phase of the cell cycle is DNA replicated?

    <p>G2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At which point in the cell cycle does the 'restriction point' occur?

    <p>G1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which phase of the cell cycle are nerve and muscle cells typically found?

    <p>G0</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the phase where cells exit the cell cycle and enter a nondividing state?

    <p>G1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What would likely happen if a cell no longer produces a normal protein kinase for the M phase checkpoint?

    <p>The cell would never enter metaphase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is density-dependent inhibition explained?

    <p>Cell surface proteins contacting each other</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a possible consequence of cancer cells not exhibiting density-dependent inhibition?

    <p>Uncontrolled cell growth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How might cells with mutated checkpoint proteins behave during the cell cycle?

    <p>They will bypass essential checkpoints</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a cell fails to enter prophase, what could be the next outcome?

    <p>The cell will undergo apoptosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do cells usually respond when they have lost key regulatory proteins for mitosis?

    <p>By activating alternative checkpoints</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement most accurately explains why cells from an advanced malignant tumor often have abnormal chromosomes?

    <p>The cells can still go through cell cycle checkpoints.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In addition to the overproliferation of cancer cells, what else could potentially result in the formation of a tumor?

    <p>Inability to form spindles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are elderly donor samples often stated to represent cells incapable of cell division?

    <p>They are anchorage independent.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic distinguishes chromosomally abnormal cells in tumors from normal cells regarding metabolism?

    <p>Abnormal cells have normal metabolism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does the introduction of new chromosomes through transformation have on cancer cells?

    <p>Ability to bypass cell cycle checkpoints</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor primarily contributes to the inability of some cancer cells to anchor and divide normally?

    <p>Inability to form spindles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common characteristic of chromosomally abnormal cancer cells that distinguishes them from normal cells regarding their division requirements?

    <p>Chromosomally abnormal cells require anchorage dependency.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason why chromosomes move toward the poles of the spindle during mitosis?

    <p>Motor proteins of the kinetochores move the chromosomes along the spindle microtubules.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately describes chromosomes moving toward the poles of the spindle during mitosis?

    <p>Non-kinetochore spindle fibers are responsible for pushing the chromosomes towards the poles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes chromosomes that move towards the poles of the spindle during mitosis?

    <p>They rely on non-kinetochore spindle fibers for movement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which function do spindle microtubules that do not attach to kinetochores serve during mitosis?

    <p>Maintaining an appropriate spacing among the moving chromosomes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In mitosis, what role do motor proteins play in chromosome movement?

    <p>Moving chromosomes along spindle microtubules with assistance from kinetochores.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately reflects the process of chromosome movement during mitosis?

    <p>'Reeling in' of chromosomes occurs due to spindle microtubule contraction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes chromosomes with non-kinetochore spindle fibers during mitosis?

    <p>Reliance on non-kinetochore spindle fibers for movement towards poles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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