Cell Division and Cancer Overview

Cell Division and Cancer

• Chromatin is long, thread-like DNA, present during interphase.
• Chromosomes are condensed DNA in short X shapes, visible during prophase.
• Centrosomes (centrioles) are T-shaped structures appearing during prophase, releasing spindle fibers.
• Spindle fibers are tiny strings attaching to chromosomes and pulling them apart.
• Meiosis is a process where one regular body cell forms four sex cells (reproductive cells). Each daughter cell has half the chromosomes of the original cell and unique chromosomes.
• Cancer is characterized by continuous, uncontrolled cell growth.
• A tumor is a mass of cancer cells.
• Benign tumors stay in their original location and don't interfere with nearby organs.
• Malignant tumors can move, invade surrounding tissue or organs (e.g., via bloodstream), and disrupt organ function.
• Tumors can originate from any cell type.
• Cancer risk involves genetic and lifestyle factors.
• Metastasis is the tumor's movement to other body parts.
• Crossing over is a process that allows different genes to combine in unique ways in reproductive cells.

Meiosis Details

• Meiosis results in four daughter cells, each with half the DNA of the original cell due to crossing over.
• Each daughter cell has unique chromosomes (genetic variation).

This quiz covers key concepts related to cell division and cancer. Explore the differences between chromatin and chromosomes, the role of centrosomes and spindle fibers, and the distinctions between benign and malignant tumors. Understand how genetic and lifestyle factors contribute to cancer risk.