Cell Cycle Overview
13 Questions
2 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the main difference in cytokinesis between plant cells and animal cells?

  • Plant cells pinch the membrane to separate, while animal cells form a cell wall.
  • Both cell types form a new nucleus during cytokinesis.
  • Animal cells create a cell plate, while plant cells divide without any structure.
  • Plant cells form vesicles to create a new cell wall, while animal cells pinch the cytoplasm. (correct)
  • During which phase of the cell cycle does the DNA duplication occur?

  • Prophase
  • Telophase
  • Anaphase
  • Interphase (correct)
  • What is the total number of strands of DNA at the beginning of mitosis in a human cell?

  • 46
  • 23
  • 184
  • 92 (correct)
  • Which sequence correctly describes the process of binary fission in prokaryotic cells?

    <p>Duplication of chromosome, elongation of the cell, division into daughter cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    After mitosis, how many daughter cells are produced from a typical eukaryotic cell division?

    <p>Two</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of proto-oncogenes during Interphase?

    <p>To promote cell growth and division</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens if a cell fails the checkpoint during Interphase?

    <p>The cell can either repair its DNA or undergo apoptosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is formed during the process of cytokinesis?

    <p>Two genetically identical daughter cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which phase of mitosis do chromosomes line up at the metaphase plate?

    <p>Metaphase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs during the S phase of Interphase?

    <p>DNA replication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process refers to the programmed cell death of unhealthy cells?

    <p>Apoptosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What shape do chromosomes take prior to cell division?

    <p>Coiled structures with two sister chromatids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of cell division?

    <p>For growth, repair, and reproduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Cell Cycle Overview

    • Cells grow and reproduce through a cyclical process.
    • Interphase is the time between cell divisions, where cells perform normal functions.
    • Proto-oncogenes promote cell growth and division.
    • Tumor suppressor genes monitor and control cell process.
    • Checkpoints ensure the health of the cell before division. If a cell fails a checkpoint, it may undergo repair or programmed cell death.
    • Cell division includes mitosis (nuclear division) and cytokinesis (cytoplasm division).

    Interphase

    • Interphase comprises three phases: G1, S, and G2.
    • G1: Cell growth, normal cell activities.
    • S: DNA replication.
    • G2: Preparation for mitosis.
    • Interphase is where the cell prepares for mitosis.
    • DNA from each parent, mom and dad, is replicated during S phase to ensure a full set in each new cell. Two identical sets of DNA exist.

    Mitosis

    • Mitosis is a type of cell division that produces two genetically identical daughter cells from a single parent cell.
    • Mitosis consists of 4 distinct phases: Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telophase.
    • Mitosis is critical for growth, repair, and asexual reproduction in multicellular organisms.
    • During mitosis, the replicated chromosomes are separated and distributed to two new nuclei.

    Mitosis-Prophase

    • Chromosomes condense and become visible.

    • Sister chromatids become attached together.

    • Spindle fibers form, attaching to the centromere of each chromosome.

    • Nuclear envelope breaks down.

    • The cell has 4 chromosomes and 8 DNA strands at the start of Mitosis-Prophase.

    Mitosis-Metaphase

    • Chromosomes line up along the metaphase plate (the center of the cell).
    • Sister chromatids remain attached together but are lined up.

    Mitosis-Anaphase

    • Spindle fibers pull sister chromatids apart, to the opposite sides of the cell.
    • Two identical sets of chromosomes now exist on opposite sides of the cell.

    Mitosis-Telophase

    • Chromosomes arrive at the poles of the cell.
    • Nuclear envelopes re-form around each set of chromosomes.
    • Spindle fibers disappear.

    Cytokinesis

    • Cytoplasm divides, creating two separate daughter cells.
    • Cytokinesis is the final step of cell division.

    Plant Cell Division

    • Plant cells, during cytokinesis, form a cell wall by creating vesicles that fuse to form a new cell wall at the center of the dividing plant cell. This contrasts with animal cell cytokinesis, where the cell membrane pinches inward.

    Prokaryotic Cell Division

    • Prokaryotic cells, like bacteria, divide through a process called binary fission.
    • The process begins by replicating chromosomal DNA and separating the copied DNA molecules from each other.
    • The cell elongates, eventually dividing into two new, genetically identical daughter cells.

    Summary of Cell Division

    • Daughter cells are genetically identical to the parent cell (and each other).
    • The number of chromosomes in the parent cell remains constant after one round of cell division.

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    Cell Cycle Notes PDF

    Description

    Explore the phases of the cell cycle, including interphase and mitosis. Understand the role of proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes in cell regulation. This quiz covers key concepts necessary for studying cell division and its importance in biology.

    More Like This

    Cell Biology: Cell Cycle
    28 questions
    Biology 5.4   Cell Cycle Quiz
    60 questions
    Cell Biology Mitosis and Cell Cycle Quiz
    29 questions
    Biology Cell Cycle and Mitosis
    24 questions

    Biology Cell Cycle and Mitosis

    GlimmeringHeisenberg4876 avatar
    GlimmeringHeisenberg4876
    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Browser