Cell Cycle, Mitosis, and Cancer
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Questions and Answers

What is the main reason for mitosis to result in identical daughter cells?

  • To facilitate sexual reproduction
  • To increase genetic diversity
  • To ensure each daughter cell has a complete set of chromosomes (correct)
  • To repair damaged DNA
  • In which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?

  • M phase
  • G2 phase
  • S phase (correct)
  • G1 phase
  • During which stage of mitosis do the sister chromatids separate and move towards opposite poles of the cell?

  • Anaphase (correct)
  • Telophase
  • Metaphase
  • Prophase
  • How does cytokinesis differ between animal and plant cells?

    <p>Animal cells undergo cleavage while plant cells form a cell plate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes a cell to grow uncontrollably?

    <p>Unregulated cell division</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between benign and malignant tumors?

    <p>Malignant tumors can invade surrounding tissues while benign tumors cannot</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term describes the genetic inheritance pattern where one allele is fully expressed, masking the effect of the other allele?

    <p>Codominance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term refers to a type of gene interaction where the phenotype of the heterozygote is distinct from and often intermediate to the phenotypes of the homozygotes?

    <p>Incomplete dominance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do sex-linked diseases appear more commonly in male humans?

    <p>Males have one X chromosome and one Y chromosome.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term describes the process of creating recombinant DNA?

    <p>Recombination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a heritable change in the genetic material, leading to genetic diversity?

    <p>Mutation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a heritable change in the genetic material?

    <p>Mutation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What refers to the process of creating recombinant DNA?

    <p>Genetic engineering</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which step does the separation and movement of sister chromatids occur in the cell?

    <p>Mitosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term describes the events that occur during each step of DNA replication, transcription, and translation?

    <p>Central dogma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does natural selection account for in the process of evolution?

    <p>Genetic diversity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a gene interaction where the phenotype of the heterozygote is distinct from and often intermediate to the phenotypes of the homozygotes?

    <p>Incomplete dominance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mechanism of evolution involves the movement of genes between populations, leading to a reduction in genetic differences?

    <p>Gene flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process of creating new species due to geographic isolation?

    <p>Allopatric speciation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main evidence for the theory of evolution found in the fossil record?

    <p>The existence of transitional fossils</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term describes the concept of organisms sharing a common ancestor and being classified based on their evolutionary relationships?

    <p>Phylogeny</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the geologic time scale, which era is characterized by the dominance of dinosaurs and the appearance of flowering plants?

    <p>Mesozoic era</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process by which a single species evolves into diverse forms occupying different ecological niches?

    <p>Adaptive radiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of reproductive barrier prevents mating or fertilization between species due to differences in behavior or timing?

    <p>Prezygotic barrier</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which evolutionary pattern involves long periods of little change followed by rapid bursts of speciation?

    <p>Punctuated equilibrium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which domain includes organisms with prokaryotic cells and is further divided into Archaea and Bacteria?

    <p>Archaea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ecological significance of prokaryotes?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

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