24 Questions
What are the three major checkpoints in the cell cycle?
G1, S, G2
What is the main difference between diploid and haploid cells?
The number of sets of chromosomes they have
How does meiosis differ from mitosis?
Meiosis involves only one division
Why are positive and negative regulators important in the cell cycle?
They influence the direction of cell division
What is the function of the genome?
It provides instructions for cell growth and function
How many chromosomes are typically found in a human cell?
46
What is the process by which prokaryotic cells divide?
Binary fission
Why is mitosis essential for life on Earth?
To enable growth, repair, and replacement of cells
What is the monomer of carbohydrates?
Monosaccharides
Which macromolecule is responsible for storing energy?
Lipids
What is the primary function of nucleic acids?
Carry genetic information
Differentiate between DNA and RNA based on their structure.
DNA uses thymine, while RNA uses uracil
What is the main difference between ionic and covalent bonds?
Ionic bonds involve transferring electrons, while covalent bonds involve sharing electrons.
Why are hydrogen bonds crucial for the structure of biological molecules?
Hydrogen bonds contribute to the three-dimensional shape and stability of macromolecules.
What is the monomer of proteins and how do they form macromolecules?
Amino acids; they bond through peptide bonds to form polypeptides.
Why are carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids vital for survival?
They provide energy for cellular activities and metabolic processes.
What is the role of lipids in organisms?
Store energy
Which type of chemical bond is primarily responsible for holding together the monomers of nucleic acids?
Covalent bonds
Why are amino acids considered essential for survival?
To build and repair structures
Which macromolecule is responsible for carrying genetic information in organisms?
Nucleic acids
What is the main difference between facilitated diffusion and active transport?
Facilitated diffusion is a passive process while active transport requires energy.
Why are endocytosis and exocytosis important mechanisms for transport across cell membranes?
They enable the cell to take in or release large molecules that cannot pass through the membrane.
How do homologous chromosomes differ from sister chromatids?
Homologous chromosomes are identical copies inherited from both parents whereas sister chromatids are exact copies of a single chromosome.
What is the role of mitosis in cell life cycles?
Mitosis helps maintain a constant chromosome number in daughter cells.
Test your knowledge on the three major checkpoints in the cell cycle (G1, G2, metaphase), positive and negative regulators, the importance of cell death, and understanding cancer and its genetic aspects.
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