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Cell Cycle Checkpoints and Cancer Cells

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Questions and Answers

What role do kinetochores play in cell division?

They promote tumor growth.

They enable cells to divide regardless of external signals.

They send signals to delay anaphase if not attached to spindle microtubules. (correct)

They inhibit cell growth.

How does platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) affect cells?

It inhibits cell motility.

It causes density-dependent inhibition in cells.

It prevents cells from attaching to the substratum.

It stimulates growth, changes cell shape and motility, and promotes chemotaxis. (correct)

What phenomenon describes the behavior of crowded cells in terms of division?

Density-dependent inhibition. (correct)

Apoptosis.

Cell differentiation.

Tumorigenesis.

What is a requirement for animal cells to divide regarding anchorage dependence?

<p>They must be attached to a substratum.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do cancer cells differ in their growth behaviors compared to normal cells?

<p>They have no anchorage dependence or density-dependent inhibition.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Cell Cycle Checkpoints

Internal signals: Kinetochores not attached to spindle microtubules send signals delaying anaphase. This ensures proper chromosome segregation.

External Signals

Growth factors: Proteins released by certain cells stimulate division in other cells.
- Example: Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) binds to cell receptors, promoting growth, shape changes, movement, and chemotaxis.
Density-dependent inhibition: Crowded cells stop dividing.
Anchorage dependence: Animal cells require attachment to a substratum to divide.

Cancer Cell Characteristics

Cancer cells disregard density-dependent inhibition and anchorage dependence.

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Description

Explore the mechanisms of cell cycle checkpoints and their significance in cancer biology. This quiz covers internal and external signals that regulate cell division, as well as the characteristics of cancer cells that circumvent these regulations. Test your understanding of these critical biological concepts.