Cell Cycle and Mitosis Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What is the cell cycle?

The process of DNA replication

When the cell divides into two new cells (correct)

When the cell grows and prepares for division (correct)

The stage where chromosomes are visible

What happens during interphase?

The cell grows, copies DNA, and prepares for division.

What occurs during prophase?

Chromosomes become visible and the nuclear membrane disappears.

What is metaphase characterized by?

Chromosomes line up across the center of the cell. Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during anaphase?

Sister chromatids are pulled to opposite sides of the cell. Signup and view all the answers

Describe telophase.

The fourth stage of mitosis in which nuclei are forming and cytokinesis has typically begun. Signup and view all the answers

What is cytokinesis?

Division of the cytoplasm during cell division. Signup and view all the answers

What are chromosomes?

X-like bodies of tightly coiled chromatin visible during cell division. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Cell Cycle

The cell cycle involves growth, preparation for division, and ultimately splitting into two new cells.
It consists of distinct phases that ensure proper replication and separation of genetic material.

Interphase

This is the phase where the cell grows, duplicates its DNA, and prepares for mitosis.
Interphase is crucial for ensuring that each daughter cell receives a complete set of genetic information.

Prophase

Marks the beginning of mitosis; chromosomes become visible under a microscope.
The nuclear membrane breaks down, allowing for the separation of genetic material.

Metaphase

Chromosomes align at the cell's equator, forming what is known as the metaphase plate.
This alignment is essential for ensuring that each daughter cell will receive the correct number of chromosomes during division.

Anaphase

Sister chromatids separate and are pulled toward opposite poles of the cell.
This movement ensures that each new daughter cell will inherit an identical set of chromosomes.

Telophase

The final stage of mitosis, where new nuclei begin to form around the separated chromosomal sets.
Cytokinesis, the division of cytoplasm, usually starts during this phase to complete cell division.

Cytokinesis

The process of cytoplasmic division that results in the formation of two distinct daughter cells.
Completes the cell division cycle and enables both new cells to enter interphase.

Chromosomes

Composed of tightly coiled chromatin, they become dense, X-shaped structures visible during cell division.
Chromosomes ensure that DNA is accurately distributed during the cell division process.

Description

Explore the key concepts of the cell cycle and mitosis with this set of flashcards. Each card highlights essential terms and their definitions, including interphase, prophase, and metaphase. Perfect for reviewing biological processes in cell division.