Cell Communication Structures in Plant and Animal Cells
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Questions and Answers

What is the term used to describe nondividing cells that may be stuck in G1 forever?

  • Interphase
  • M phase
  • G zero (correct)
  • MPF

    • When were cell cycle control molecules first hypothesized?

  • 1970s (correct)
  • 1990s
  • 1980s
  • 1960s

    • What is the function of the Protein Kinase in MPF?

  • Transfer of a phosphate group (correct)
  • Inducing interphase in cells
  • Replicating chromosomes
  • Activating cyclin

    • Which subunit of MPF has different concentrations found throughout the cell?

    <p>Cyclin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when Kinase is bound to cyclin?

    <p>Kinase is activated</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the experiment where two cells during different stages of mitosis were fused, what did the cell undergoing interphase immediately start doing?

    <p>Undergoing the M phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a gene responsible for?

    <p>Coding for a specific RNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which phase does DNA replication occur?

    <p>S Phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes the structure of chromosomes during the M Phase?

    <p>Chromosomes are condensed into compact structures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are sister chromatids?

    <p>Attached at the centromere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase allows cells to grow and replicate organelles?

    <p>G1 Phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of histones in a chromosome?

    <p>Condense DNA into compact structures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of flagella in cells?

    <p>Rotate to propel movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organelle holds magnetite crystals as a compass?

    <p>Cell wall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of fimbriae in cells?

    <p>Strive to attach to other cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference in terms of size between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?

    <p>Eukaryotic cells are larger</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure in a cell separates life from nonlife?

    <p>Plasma membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the cytosol in eukaryotic cells?

    <p>Has a very small mass</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the 'pulse' step in the endomembrane pulse-chase experiment?

    <p>Radiolabel all proteins synthesized during a specific time interval</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens during the 'chase' step of the endomembrane pulse-chase experiment?

    <p>Proteins synthesized during this period are not radiolabeled</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the ER signal sequence typically located in a protein's structure?

    <p>First 20 amino acid residues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the ER signal sequence in protein synthesis?

    <p>Moves the growing protein and ribosome to the rough ER</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What serves a similar role to the nuclear localization signal in proteins bound for the endomembrane system?

    <p>'Send-to-ER' signal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organelle is responsible for receiving proteins from the rough ER in distinctive vesicles?

    <p>Golgi apparatus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cells are held together by gap junctions?

    <p>Animal cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of plasmodesmata in plant cells?

    <p>Allow communication between cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which proteins are attachment molecules of desmosomes?

    <p>Cadherins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of hormones in the body?

    <p>Binding to signal receptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do G-Proteins do when activated by a signal receptor?

    <p>Trigger production of second messengers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Enzyme-linked receptors are transmembrane proteins that:

    <p>Bind hormone signals and catalyze reactions inside the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of quorum sensing in unicellular communication?

    <p>Signaling pathways responding to population density</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is cell replication essential for life to exist?

    <p>To create new cells and replace old or damaged ones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of desmosomes in animal cells?

    <p>Link cytoskeletons to resist pulling and shearing forces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do Tight Junctions behave in terms of their watertight seal?

    <p>They can open and close dynamically to control the flow of substances</p> Signup and view all the answers

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