Cell Biology Quiz

Multiple Choice Questions

• Animal cells do not have cell walls.
• Cellular respiration occurs in mitochondria.
• The organism infected with a disease is called a host.

Short Answer Questions

• The first person to describe a cell was Robert Hooke.
• Stains enhance specimen visibility under a microscope.
• The cell theory states cells are the fundamental units of life, all living things are composed of cells, and all cells come from pre-existing cells.
• Two types of microscopes are light microscopes and electron microscopes.
• Specimens need to be thin for light microscopes to view them because light can only pass through a thin enough specimen.
• Mitochondria are responsible for energy production in cells. Chloroplasts are involved in photosynthesis, and a key difference from mitochondria is that chloroplasts contain chlorophyll.
• Fungal cells have chitin in their cell walls and bacteria have peptidoglycan while fungal cells have chitin in their cell walls and bacteria have peptidoglycan in their cell walls.
• Nucleus: the control center of a cell; Mitochondrion: the power house that produces energy; Chloroplast: organelle for photosynthesis; Binary fission: a type of asexual reproduction; Pathogen: a disease-causing agent.
• Ribosomes synthesize proteins in cells.
• Unicellular organisms are made up of one cell, examples include bacteria and amoebae while multicellular organisms are made up of multiple cells, examples include animals and plants.

Apply and Analyze Questions

• Antibiotics cannot treat viral infections like Covid-19 because they target bacterial cells, not viral cells.
• Substances entering a cell might include nutrients and some exiting might include waste products.
• Unicellular organisms are small because their internal surface area is maximized. Multicellular organisms have different structures for efficient exchange of materials.
• Doctors do not prescribe antibiotics for colds or flu as these are usually viral infections.
• Animal cells have mitochondria for energy production. Plant cells also have chloroplasts for photosynthesis in addition to mitochondria.
•  Light microscopes require thin cells or sections for light to pass through, enabling visualization.
•  Magnification is calculated by multiplying the objective lens and eyepiece lens powers. For instance a cell viewed with a "x40" objective lens and a "x10” eyepiece lens results in x400 magnification.

Evaluate Questions

• James' observation of many chloroplasts was due to the specimen being from the leafy part of an onion, where chloroplasts reside.
• Plant cells require nuclei for vital functions and survival; therefore no plant cells can survive without them.
• A short story about a virus from the perspective of a cell is not provided.
• The microscope most likely for viewing images in "Figure 1" needs to be identified. 

Social and Ethical Thinking Questions

• Antibiotics are effective against bacteria, but overuse promotes antibiotic resistance, hindering their effectiveness.
• Stem cell testing is often more ethical than animal or human testing because it minimizes harm to living creatures.
• Arguments for and against patenting penicillin (from various viewpoints) are not detailed.

Critical and Creative Thinking Questions

• Similes compare objects based on common characteristics.
• Cells are comparable to building blocks, nuclei to control centers, and mitochondria to power stations.
• Microscope advancements have greatly improved our understanding of cell functions and structures.

Research Questions

• A single research topic with associated questions is not described at this stage.