Cell Biology Quiz

<p>To trap vesicles (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cell walls (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All living organisms are made of cells. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Robert Brown (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1500x (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They allow three-dimensional viewing of opaque objects. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cells are the basic unit of life and structure in organisms. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fermentation can occur without living yeast cells. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Electron microscopes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To increase magnification through lenses (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cells possess a plasma membrane. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The existence of cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Interphase (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Eukaryotic cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mitochondria (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Marcello Malpighi (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Life depends on cellular tissue. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Serves as the control center and contains DNA (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Composed of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nucleoli (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rough ER has ribosomes, Smooth ER does not (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To link amino acids to form proteins (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An enclosed space consisting of flattened sacs and tubes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They coil to become chromosomes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A dynamic arrangement of proteins within a phospholipid bilayer (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Production of two daughter cells with equal DNA (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They condense by coiling and become visible (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They attach to kinetochores and align chromosomes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They separate and move to opposite poles (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nuclear envelope and nucleolus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reappearance of the nucleoli and nuclear envelope formation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To anchor spindle fibers to centromeres (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They disintegrate (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To modify carbohydrates attached to proteins (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cristae that increase surface area (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By pinching off from the margins of dictyosomes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They accumulate carotenoids and provide color (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>First steps of photosynthesis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The inward membrane forms numerous folds called cristae (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Amyloplasts (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cell wall polysaccharides (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

All living organisms are composed of cells, and cells are the fundamental structural units of life.

The false idea that living things can arise from non-living matter.

Scientist who discovered the nucleus of a cell in 1831.

A microscope using multiple lenses to magnify images of thinly sliced specimens.

Microscope allowing three-dimensional viewing of opaque objects.

Microscope using a beam of electrons to magnify images, providing higher resolution than light microscopes.

A biologist who contributed to the Cell Theory by discovering the nucleolus.

A biologist, alongside Schleiden, who played a critical role in developing the Cell Theory.

Basic units of all living things, beginning as single cells.

Process where cells change in structure and function after initial development.

Adaptation of cells to perform specific roles, like transporting materials or producing fluids.

Robert Hooke, in 1665, first observed cells.

Later scientists like Malpighi and Grew described single-celled organisms in the 1670s.

Cells have varying lifespans, based on their roles.

Living organisms share fundamental cell features.

The outer boundary of a cell that controls what enters and exits. It's made of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins.

Describes the cell membrane as a dynamic structure where components, like phospholipids and proteins, can move around.

The control center of the cell, containing DNA and directing cellular activities.

The double membrane surrounding the nucleus, regulating what goes in and out.

The jelly-like substance within the nucleus, providing a medium for its components.

Dense structures within the nucleus, primarily composed of RNA, involved in ribosome synthesis.

Strands of DNA and proteins within the nucleus, which coil and condense to form chromosomes during cell division.

A network of interconnected sacs and tubes in the cytoplasm, involved in protein synthesis and lipid production.

Stacks of flattened sacs or vesicles involved in modifying carbohydrates attached to proteins, assembling polysaccharides, and packaging them into vesicles.

Another name for dictyosomes, the organelle responsible for processing and packaging proteins and lipids.

Dictyosomes modify carbohydrates attached to proteins, assemble polysaccharides, and package them into vesicles for secretion outside the cell.

Organelles found in plant cells, responsible for photosynthesis, containing chlorophyll, grana, and stroma.

Stacks of thylakoids within chloroplasts, where the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis take place.

Membranes within grana that contain chlorophyll and where the first steps of photosynthesis occur.

Matrix within chloroplasts, containing enzymes involved in the Calvin cycle, the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis.

Besides chloroplasts, plastids include chromoplasts, leucoplasts, and proplastids, each playing a role in plant functions.

Cellular division process that creates two identical daughter cells with the same DNA as the parent cell.

The stage before mitosis where the cell grows and copies its DNA in preparation for division.

Plant tissues where mitosis occurs frequently, leading to growth and development.

The first stage of mitosis where chromosomes condense, the nuclear envelope breaks down, and spindle fibers form.

The stage of mitosis where chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell, attached to spindle fibers.

The stage of mitosis where sister chromatids separate and are pulled to opposite poles of the cell.

The final stage of mitosis where new nuclear envelopes form around the separated chromosomes, and the cell divides.

Two identical copies of a chromosome joined together by a centromere.

A new cell wall that forms during plant cell division, dividing the cytoplasm into two daughter cells.

A structure made of microtubules and endoplasmic reticulum that forms during plant cell division, guiding the formation of the cell plate.

Small channels that connect the cytoplasm of adjacent plant cells, allowing the exchange of molecules.

Plant cells have cell walls, cell plates, plastids, and large vacuoles, whereas animal cells do not. Animal cells have centrioles and divide by pinching, while plant cells form cell plates.

Plants need rigid cell walls for support and protection, while animals rely on their skeletons. Plant cells need plastids for photosynthesis and large vacuoles for storage, which animal cells don't need.