Cell Biology Quiz

False (B)

Chromatin

<p>DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bacteria = Bacteria Archaea = Archaea Protists = Eukarya Fungi = Eukarya Plants = Eukarya Animals = Eukarya</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bacteria (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Locus</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>homologs</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Diploid = Having two sets of chromosomes Allele = Alternative form of a gene Homozygous = Having two identical alleles for a gene Heterozygous = Having two different alleles for a gene Locus = The physical location of a gene on a chromosome</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Both Asexual reproduction and Sexual reproduction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A gene is a segment of DNA that codes for a specific trait. An allele is an alternative form of a gene. For example, the gene for eye color can have different alleles, such as an allele for blue eyes and an allele for brown eyes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reproducing Asexually (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>FtsZ protein</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>sister chromatids</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Binary Fission = The process by which a single-celled organism divides into two identical daughter cells. Sister Chromatids = Two identical copies of a replicated chromosome. FtsZ Protein = A protein involved in forming a new cell wall during bacterial cell division. Multicellularity = The state of being composed of multiple cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Body cells other than gametes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Abnormal chromosome number or structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>two complete</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Somatic Cells = Body cells, other than gametes Germ Cells = Gametes like sperm and egg Karyotype = Complete set of chromosomes from a single cell Cytogenetics = The study of chromosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To distribute the replicated chromosomes to the daughter cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sister chromatids</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>cleavage furrow</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Prophase = The chromosomes condense and the nuclear envelope breaks down Metaphase = Chromosomes align at the cell's equatorial plane Anaphase = Sister chromatids are pulled apart to opposite poles Telophase = Nuclear membranes re-form around the two sets of chromosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Four haploid cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A single set of chromosomes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>23</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sperm = Small and mobile male gamete Egg = Large and nonmotile female gamete Polar body = Small cells produced during oogenesis Gamete = Haploid reproductive cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Heterogamous species have different types of gametes. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It influences whether the offspring will be male or female.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>46</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>X-Y system = Seen in mammals including humans Z-W system = Found in birds and some fish Haplodiploid system = Found in bees with males being haploid X-0 system = Used by some insects like fruit flies</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mitosis has one division, meiosis has two divisions. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Isogamous gametes are morphologically similar, while heterogamous gametes are different.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>asymmetric</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It determines maleness in individuals with a male genotype.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Structures within cells containing genetic material (genes).

The genetic material that makes up chromosomes.

Cells with a nucleus; include protists, fungi, plants, and animals.

Simple cells without a nucleus; bacteria and archaea.

The DNA-protein complex found in eukaryotic cells.

A type of cell with a nucleus and organelles, found in plants and animals.

Body cells in animals, excluding gametes such as sperm and eggs.

Reproductive cells, specifically sperm and egg cells in animals.

The study of chromosomes and chromosomal abnormalities through microscopic examination.

The complete set of chromosomes in a diploid cell, organized for analysis.

An organism with two sets of chromosomes, one from each parent.

Chromosomes that are nearly identical in size and genetic content, forming a pair.

Different versions of a gene that may vary by slight DNA sequence differences.

The specific physical location of a gene on a chromosome.

The genetic makeup of an organism, including dominant and recessive alleles.

X and Y chromosomes that determine the sex of an organism; not homologous.

Eukaryotic species inherit chromosomes in sets, such as diploid and haploid.

One purpose is asexual reproduction, creating new individuals without sex.

The condition of being composed of multiple cells working together.

A form of asexual reproduction where a single cell divides into two identical daughter cells.

Replicated forms of a chromosome, connected by a centromere, before cell division.

A complex series of phases that a eukaryotic cell goes through to replicate and divide.

A protein that helps in forming the cell wall during bacterial cell division.

The phase in the cell cycle where DNA is replicated.

Region of a chromosome where sister chromatids are joined.

The five stages of mitosis: prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase.

The division of the cytoplasm following mitosis, forming two daughter cells.

A cell division process that produces haploid gametes from diploid cells through two successive divisions.

Haploid cells that fuse during fertilization to create a new diploid organism.

The process of forming sperm cells in males through meiosis.

The process of forming egg cells in females, characterized by asymmetric divisions.

Mitosis produces two identical diploid daughter cells, while meiosis produces four non-identical haploid daughter cells.

Species that produce gametes that are morphologically similar.

Species that produce morphologically different gametes: usually sperm and egg cells.

States that chromosomes transmit genetic information, accounting for Mendelian patterns of inheritance.

The biological mechanism that determines the sex of an organism, often involving chromosomes.

Humans have 46 chromosomes: 44 autosomes and 2 sex chromosomes.

A sex determination system in bees where males are haploid (from unfertilized eggs) and females are diploid (from fertilized eggs).

In some insects, sex is determined by the number of X chromosomes; males are X0 and females are XX.