Cell Biology Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is required for facilitated diffusion to occur?

  • Energy in the form of ATP
  • A transmembrane protein (correct)
  • Small, non-polar molecules only
  • Movement against a concentration gradient

    • What characterizes isotonic solutions?

  • They have equal concentrations of solute and water (correct)
  • They are in dynamic equilibrium
  • They only have equal concentrations of water
  • They have unequal concentrations of solute and water

    • Which of the following forms of transport includes the uptake of liquids?

  • Pinocytosis (correct)
  • Active transport
  • Osmosis
  • Passive transport

    • What is the primary organelle involved in photosynthesis?

    <p>Chloroplasts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is produced during cellular respiration?

    <p>Carbon dioxide and water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the codon UUU correspond to in amino acids?

    <p>Phe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase of the cell cycle is represented by the letter S?

    <p>Synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a tumor suppressor gene?

    <p>A mutated gene that interferes with cell division</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which phase of the cell cycle does mitosis occur?

    <p>Mitosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What constitutes metastatic cancer?

    <p>Groups of cancer cells that have spread</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the cell membrane?

    <p>Controlling what enters and exits the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is osmosis?

    <p>Diffusion of water through a semipermeable membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure is found only in plant cells?

    <p>Chloroplast</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of transport requires assistance from transport proteins?

    <p>Facilitated diffusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of ribosomes in both plant and animal cells?

    <p>Make proteins from amino acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which type of solution will a cell likely swell due to water intake?

    <p>Hypotonic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic distinguishes prokaryotic cells from eukaryotic cells?

    <p>Presence of a nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does diffusion achieve within a solution?

    <p>Spreading out particles until equilibrium is reached</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organelle is referred to as the powerhouse of the cell?

    <p>Mitochondria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what way do viruses differ fundamentally from cells?

    <p>Viruses are nonliving</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of photosynthesis?

    <p>Capturing and storing energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organelle is responsible for carrying out cellular respiration?

    <p>Mitochondria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the reactants needed for cellular respiration?

    <p>Glucose and oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following types of cells perform photosynthesis?

    <p>Plant cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following products is generated during cellular respiration?

    <p>Carbon dioxide and water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does it mean when an enzyme is described as denatured?

    <p>It unfolds or breaks up.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what temperature does enzyme Y cease to function?

    <p>~100°C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following enzymes functions well over a broader range of temperatures?

    <p>Enzyme Y</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of enzymes in chemical reactions within cells?

    <p>Decrease the activation energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How would lack of enzymes affect chemical reactions in a cell?

    <p>They would happen too slowly to support cellular processes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of a monomer?

    <p>A building block for larger biomolecules.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a monomer of proteins?

    <p>Amino acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of carbohydrates?

    <p>Energy source</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which biomolecule is identified by the example 'Cooking Oil'?

    <p>Lipids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two monomers that make up lipids?

    <p>Glycerol and fatty acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the optimal temperature and pH for the enzyme to function best?

    <p>37°C and pH of 6</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of an inhibitor on an enzyme?

    <p>It prevents the enzyme from binding to the substrate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes a prokaryote?

    <p>A single-celled organism that lacks a nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately describes a virus?

    <p>It replicates only within the living cells of its host.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines a eukaryote?

    <p>An organism with a distinct nucleus and specialized organelles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which region of a Venn Diagram would genetic material (DNA) most appropriately be placed?

    <p>In the overlapping region of prokaryotes and eukaryotes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a notable characteristic that distinguishes prokaryotic cells from eukaryotic cells?

    <p>Eukaryotic cells have a more complex structure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cell is identifiable by the presence of a cell wall, nucleus, chloroplasts, and mitochondria?

    <p>Plant cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately describes a difference between bacteria and viruses?

    <p>Bacteria are living and viruses are non-living.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of a virus invading a host cell?

    <p>To access cellular processes for replication.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure and function is correctly matched?

    <p>Lipids make up body structures such as hair and nails.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which two biomolecules are likely key ingredients in a dietary supplement aimed at improving physical shape?

    <p>Carbohydrates and Proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which biomolecule provides the body with the most energy on a gram-for-gram basis?

    <p>Lipids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do brown bears eat salmon before hibernation?

    <p>Lipids in the fish will provide the bear with stored energy to be used during hibernation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the entire diagram depicting enzyme reactions?

    <p>Enzyme-catalyzed reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Enzyme Function Across a Range of Temperatures and pH

    • Enzymes function best at an optimal temperature and pH
    • The graph shows enzyme activity peaks at a certain temperature and pH
    • Enzyme activity decreases significantly above or below the optimum

    Enzyme Inhibition

    • The diagram shows an enzyme being inhibited by an inhibitor
    • The substrate is unable to bind to the enzyme effectively when inhibited
    • The enzyme will not function properly when inhibited due to the inhibitor binding to the enzyme

    Prokaryote, Eukaryote, and Virus Identification

    • Prokaryotes lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles
    • Eukaryotes have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles
    • Viruses are not cells and do not have cellular structures

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on key concepts of cell biology, including cell transport mechanisms, organelles, and the cell cycle. This quiz covers topics relevant to both plant and animal cells, helping you understand fundamental biological processes and structures. Perfect for students studying cell structure and function.

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