Cell Biology Quiz

Study Notes

The nucleus occupies about 10% of the cell's volume and has a double membrane called the nuclear envelope with nuclear pores.
The nucleolus is an organelle within the nucleus that synthesizes components of ribosomes.
Chromatin consists of DNA molecules bound with histone proteins and condenses into chromosomes before cell division.
Mitochondria are sites of most aerobic respiration reactions and have two membranes, with the inner membrane folded into cristae for increased surface area.
The Golgi apparatus consists of flattened membrane-bound sacs that modify proteins, including adding tags that determine their final destination.
The Golgi apparatus acts as a cellular post office that distributes molecules.
Modified molecules are released from the Golgi apparatus in vesicles to be carried to other parts of the cell or to the plasma membrane for exocytosis.
Vesicles can also form lysosomes.
The electron-transport system in the inner membrane of mitochondria produces most of the ATP.
The Golgi apparatus converts proteins into glycoproteins.