Cell Biology: Nucleus and Organelles
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Questions and Answers

Where are lipid and protein build in a cell?

  • Cytoplasm
  • Lysosome
  • Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) (correct)
  • Golgi apparatus

What happens to the vesicles containing lipid and protein after synthesis?

  • They stay in the ER
  • They move out of the cell
  • They move through the cytoplasm (correct)
  • They move into the nucleus

What is the purpose of the Golgi apparatus in protein synthesis?

  • To complete protein synthesis (correct)
  • To secrete proteins
  • To store proteins
  • To break down proteins

What is the final stage of protein synthesis mentioned in the passage?

<p>Complete synthesis in the Golgi apparatus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the vesicles in protein synthesis?

<p>To transport proteins (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the nucleolus?

<p>To synthesize RNA (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the nuclear envelope?

<p>To separate the contents of the nucleus from the cytoplasm (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of the nuclear envelope?

<p>It is a double-layered structure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the pores in the nuclear envelope?

<p>To facilitate the passage of substances between the nucleus and cytoplasm (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of cell organelles?

<p>They are highly organized physical structures (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the cell membrane?

<p>To separate the cell from its environment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the shape of microtubules?

<p>Straight hollow cylinders (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the cell membrane boundaries?

<p>between the inside and outside of the cell (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of microtubules in cell division?

<p>To form spindle fibers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the cell membrane in relation to the environment?

<p>To separate the cell from its environment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which protein makes up microtubules?

<p>Tubulin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the cell membrane in the cell?

<p>To separate the cell from its environment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is another function of microtubules besides cell division?

<p>Forming cilia and flagella (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of the cell membrane?

<p>It is selectively permeable to certain substances (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the general term for the structure that microtubules are a part of?

<p>Cytoskeleton (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is being moved along with Na+ in the symport process?

<p>Fructose (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the energy source for the symport process?

<p>ATP (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the direction of movement of substances in the symport process?

<p>Same direction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which ion is moved in the opposite direction of Na+ in the symport process?

<p>K+ (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT a participant in the symport process?

<p>Glucose (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Cell Structure

  • The nuclear envelope is a double-layered structure that separates the contents of the nucleus from the cytoplasm.
  • The nuclear envelope contains pores that allow for the passage of substances between the nucleus and cytoplasm.

Nucleolus

  • The nucleolus is a membrane-less organelle within the nucleus.
  • It contains a large amount of RNA and proteins.
  • The nucleolus is responsible for the synthesis of RNA.

Cell Organelles

  • Cell organelles are highly organized physical structures.
  • Lipid and protein build-up in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) are transported in vesicles.
  • The ER contains enzymes for the complete synthesis of proteins.
  • Vesicles move through the cytoplasm and fuse with the Golgi apparatus.

Microtubules

  • Microtubules are straight, hollow cylinders composed of tubulin protein.
  • They form part of the cytoskeleton.
  • Microtubules have two main functions:
    • They are involved in cell division, forming spindle fibers.
    • They are components of cilia and flagella.

Cell Membrane and Transport

  • The cell membrane is the boundary between the inside and outside of the cell.
  • It separates the cell from its environment.
  • There are three types of transport through the cell membrane:
    • Passive transport, which does not require ATP.
    • Symport, where substances are moved in the same direction, requiring ATP.
    • Antiport, where substances are moved in opposite directions, also requiring ATP.

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Description

This quiz covers the structure and function of the nucleus and its organelles, including the nuclear envelope and nucleolus, in cell biology.

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