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Questions and Answers
What are the three main parts that make up mitochondria?
What are the three main parts that make up mitochondria?
What is one of the main reasons mitochondria are referred to as the powerhouse of the cell?
What is one of the main reasons mitochondria are referred to as the powerhouse of the cell?
Who first coined the term endoplasmic reticulum?
Who first coined the term endoplasmic reticulum?
Which of the following is NOT a function of the endoplasmic reticulum?
Which of the following is NOT a function of the endoplasmic reticulum?
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How do new mitochondria originate?
How do new mitochondria originate?
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Flashcards
What are mitochondria?
What are mitochondria?
Rod-shaped organelles found in the cytoplasm, responsible for cellular respiration.
Who coined the term mitochondrion?
Who coined the term mitochondrion?
The term 'mitochondrion' was coined by Benda in 1897.
Why are mitochondria called the power house of the cell?
Why are mitochondria called the power house of the cell?
Mitochondria are called the power house of the cell because they are the sites of oxidation of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats, generating energy for the cell.
What is the endoplasmic reticulum?
What is the endoplasmic reticulum?
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Who coined the term endoplasmic reticulum?
Who coined the term endoplasmic reticulum?
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Study Notes
Mitochondria
- Mitochondria are rod-like cytoplasmic organelles that are the main sites of cellular respiration
- They have three main parts: membrane, cristae, and matrix
- The term mitochondrion was coined by Benda in 1897
- Mitochondria are called the "powerhouse of the cell" because they are the sites of oxidation of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.
- There are two views on how mitochondria originate:
- New mitochondria originate from the fission of pre-existing mitochondria
- They may originate from the nuclear envelope
- Mitochondria have three main functions:
- Sites of oxidation of carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids
- Supply energy for various cell processes in the form of ATP
- Contain some DNA and are associated with cytoplasmic inheritance
Endoplasmic Reticulum
- The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a vast network of membrane-enclosed tubules, vesicles, and sac in the cytoplasm
- It is attached to the nuclear envelope on one side and the cell membrane on the other
- It is of two types: smooth ER and rough ER
- The term endoplasmic reticulum was first used by Porter in 1948
- ER originates from the nuclear envelope
- ER has two main functions:
- Associated with the synthesis of proteins (rough ER), lipids, and glycogen (both rough and smooth ER)
- Acts as an intercellular transport system for various substances
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Description
This quiz covers crucial organelles in cell biology, focusing on mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). You'll learn about the structure, function, and significance of these organelles in cellular processes. Test your knowledge on how they contribute to energy production and cellular metabolism.
