Lecture 2 - Cells and Tissue A+P1

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What is the main difference between an electrical gradient and a concentration gradient?

Direction of movement
Type of substance involved
Side of the plasma membrane (correct)
Energy requirement

What is the primary function of the sodium-potassium pump?

To move oxygen into the cell
To regulate the electrical gradient
To pump Na+ out of the cell and K+ into the cytosol (correct)
To facilitate diffusion

Which type of tissue is responsible for detecting stimuli and sending signals for movement?

Epithelial tissue
Connective tissue
Muscular tissue
Nervous tissue (correct)

What is the main function of loose connective tissue?

To bind tissues together (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the movement of substances down their electrochemical gradient without energy input?

Passive transport (C) Signup and view all the answers

What type of connective tissue is found in tendons and ligaments?

Dense connective tissue (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the movement of water from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration?

Osmosis (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the resting membrane potential of neurons?

-70 mV (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of tissue is avascular?

Epithelial tissue (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the cytosol?

To retain ions and other substances (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the cell membrane?

To act as a barrier and regulate the passage of substances (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following substances is moderately permeable through the plasma membrane?

Water and urea (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism by which macromolecules are transported through the plasma membrane?

Vesicular transport (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the ability of the plasma membrane to allow certain substances to pass through while restricting others?

Selective permeability (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of transmembrane proteins in the plasma membrane?

To act as channels or carriers for specific substances (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the structure of the lipid bilayer in the plasma membrane?

Two layers of fat molecules (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the electrochemical gradient in the plasma membrane?

To facilitate the movement of substances down their concentration gradient (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of transport process requires the input of cellular energy to move substances against their concentration gradient?

Active transport (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the sodium-potassium pump in the plasma membrane?

To pump sodium out of the cell and potassium into the cell (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of connective tissue that distinguishes it from other types of tissue?

It provides support and structure to the body (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of epithelial tissue?

To cover body surfaces and form glands (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of connective tissue is characterized by its ability to endure considerable stress and heal poorly following injury?

Cartilage (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the cytosol in the cell?

To facilitate the movement of substances through the cell (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of tissue is responsible for generating heat and facilitating movement?

Muscular tissue (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between facilitated diffusion and active transport?

The energy requirements for transport (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of transport process involves the movement of water from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration?

Osmosis (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the cell membrane in maintaining homeostasis?

To regulate the movement of ions and molecules across the cell (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of the plasma membrane?

Metabolic reactions (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of selective permeability in the plasma membrane?

It allows certain molecules to pass through the membrane while restricting others (A) Signup and view all the answers

How do macromolecules cross the plasma membrane?

Through vesicular transport (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of the lipid bilayer in the plasma membrane?

Two layers of fatty acids (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of ion channels in the plasma membrane?

To regulate the movement of ions across the cell (D) Signup and view all the answers