Cell Biology Flashcards

Cell Components and Functions

• Cell Membrane: Semi-permeable barrier that surrounds the cell, regulating entrance and exit of substances.

• Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER): Network of membranes studded with ribosomes; involved in protein synthesis and processing.

• Mitochondrion: Powerhouse of the cell; generates ATP through cellular respiration.

• Golgi Apparatus: Stacks of membranes responsible for modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins and lipids for secretion or delivery to other organelles.

• Lysosome: Membrane-bound organelles containing enzymes for digestion; plays a key role in waste disposal and recycling of cellular components.

• Cilia: Short, hair-like structures that aid in cell movement and the movement of substances along the cell surface.

• Chromatin: Material composed of DNA and proteins; packages DNA into a more compact structure and regulates gene expression.

• Nucleus: The control center of the cell; houses DNA and is responsible for regulating cellular activities such as growth and reproduction.

• Nucleolus: Dense region within the nucleus where ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is synthesized and assembled with proteins to form ribosomes.

• Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER): Lacks ribosomes; involved in lipid synthesis, detoxification, and calcium ion storage.

• Vesicle: Small membrane-bound sac that transports materials within the cell and to the cell membrane for secretion.

This quiz consists of flashcards focused on key cellular components, including the cell membrane, mitochondrion, and Golgi apparatus. Ideal for students studying cell biology or preparing for exams, these flashcards will enhance your understanding of cell structure and function.