22 Questions
What is the main function of hydrophilic heads in the phospholipid bilayer of a cell membrane?
To interact with water molecules and form the outer layer of the membrane
What type of transport occurs when a cell engulfs a solid particle, forming a vesicle?
Phagocytosis
What is the term for the movement of water from an area of high water potential to an area of low water potential through a partially permeable membrane?
Osmosis
What is the process by which a cell secretes substances out of the cell through vesicle fusion with the plasma membrane?
Exocytosis
What is the main adaptation of the mammalian lung that allows for rapid gaseous exchange?
All of the above
What is the term for the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration, resulting in uniform distribution?
Diffusion
What is the primary function of channel proteins in facilitated diffusion?
To facilitate the diffusion of charged particles and large molecules across the membrane
What is the primary mechanism by which oxygen enters the blood from the air spaces of the alveoli?
Passive diffusion
What is the function of the pleural membranes in the mammalian lung?
To separate the thorax from the abdomen
What is the primary function of cilia in the mammalian lung?
To trap and move particulate matter out of the lungs
What is the primary mechanism by which carbon dioxide is removed from the blood?
Passive diffusion
What is the primary function of carrier proteins in facilitated diffusion?
To bind to a specific molecule and change shape to release it on the other side of the membrane
What is the primary adaptation of the mammalian lung for rapid gaseous exchange?
All of the above
What is the primary mechanism by which ions move through channel proteins?
Facilitated diffusion
What is the primary function of the diaphragm in ventilation?
To increase the volume of the chest cavity
What is the primary benefit of a large surface area of the alveoli?
Increase in rate of diffusion
What is the primary function of carrier proteins in membrane transport?
To facilitate diffusion of molecules across the membrane
According to Fick's Law of Diffusion, what is the rate of diffusion directly proportional to?
The concentration gradient
What is the term for the movement of water molecules through a partially permeable membrane from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration?
Osmosis
What is the primary function of the fluid mosaic model of membrane structure?
To interpret data on the structure and properties of cell membranes
What is the term for the process by which cells take in molecules from the surrounding environment?
Endocytosis
What adaptation of the mammalian lung allows for rapid gaseous exchange?
Large surface area to volume ratio
Test your understanding of the factors that influence the rate of diffusion, including molecule size, channel proteins, and facilitated diffusion. Learn how these factors impact the movement of substances across cell membranes.
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