Cell Biology: Factors Affecting Rate of Diffusion

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What is the main function of hydrophilic heads in the phospholipid bilayer of a cell membrane?

To provide a non-polar surface for lipid molecules
To facilitate the transport of hydrophobic molecules
To act as a receptor for signaling molecules
To interact with water molecules and form the outer layer of the membrane (correct)

What type of transport occurs when a cell engulfs a solid particle, forming a vesicle?

Osmosis
Pinocytosis
Phagocytosis (correct)
Exocytosis

What is the term for the movement of water from an area of high water potential to an area of low water potential through a partially permeable membrane?

Passive transport
Diffusion
Active transport
Osmosis (correct)

What is the process by which a cell secretes substances out of the cell through vesicle fusion with the plasma membrane?

Exocytosis (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main adaptation of the mammalian lung that allows for rapid gaseous exchange?

All of the above (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration, resulting in uniform distribution?

Diffusion (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of channel proteins in facilitated diffusion?

To facilitate the diffusion of charged particles and large molecules across the membrane (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism by which oxygen enters the blood from the air spaces of the alveoli?

Passive diffusion (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the pleural membranes in the mammalian lung?

To separate the thorax from the abdomen (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of cilia in the mammalian lung?

To trap and move particulate matter out of the lungs (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism by which carbon dioxide is removed from the blood?

Passive diffusion (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of carrier proteins in facilitated diffusion?

To bind to a specific molecule and change shape to release it on the other side of the membrane (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary adaptation of the mammalian lung for rapid gaseous exchange?

All of the above (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism by which ions move through channel proteins?

Facilitated diffusion (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the diaphragm in ventilation?

To increase the volume of the chest cavity (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary benefit of a large surface area of the alveoli?

Increase in rate of diffusion (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of carrier proteins in membrane transport?

To facilitate diffusion of molecules across the membrane (B) Signup and view all the answers

According to Fick's Law of Diffusion, what is the rate of diffusion directly proportional to?

The concentration gradient (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the movement of water molecules through a partially permeable membrane from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration?

Osmosis (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the fluid mosaic model of membrane structure?

To interpret data on the structure and properties of cell membranes (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process by which cells take in molecules from the surrounding environment?

Endocytosis (D) Signup and view all the answers

What adaptation of the mammalian lung allows for rapid gaseous exchange?

Large surface area to volume ratio (C) Signup and view all the answers