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Questions and Answers
What is the function of microvilli?
What is the function of microvilli?
- Propel material over surfaces
- Increase the cell's surface area (correct)
- Absorb nutrients
- None of the above
How do cilia and flagella function?
How do cilia and flagella function?
- Increase surface area
- Actively beat to propel material (correct)
- Absorb nutrients
- None of the above
What are stereocilia?
What are stereocilia?
Unusual microvilli that are unrelated to cilia.
Microvilli are covered by extensions of the ________.
Microvilli are covered by extensions of the ________.
Microvilli have bundles of thin __________ in their cores.
Microvilli have bundles of thin __________ in their cores.
What does the 'terminal web' do?
What does the 'terminal web' do?
Fluid-absorbing cells in the male reproductive tract have __________ specializations called stereocilia.
Fluid-absorbing cells in the male reproductive tract have __________ specializations called stereocilia.
Where is cilia found?
Where is cilia found?
Cilia contain a core of _________.
Cilia contain a core of _________.
________ have pairs of centrioles at their core.
________ have pairs of centrioles at their core.
The microtubules in the core of the __________ are arranged in a '(9+2)' configuration.
The microtubules in the core of the __________ are arranged in a '(9+2)' configuration.
The cilium's core is called an _______.
The cilium's core is called an _______.
List three differences between cilia and microvilli.
List three differences between cilia and microvilli.
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Study Notes
Microvilli Function
- Microvilli enhance cell surface area, crucial for absorption and transport processes.
- Commonly found on epithelial cells lining intestines, aiding in nutrient absorption.
Cilia and Flagella Function
- Cilia and flagella actively beat to move material across surfaces or through tubes.
Stereocilia
- Stereocilia are unique structures resembling microvilli but are unrelated to cilia.
- They consist of elongated, branched microvilli, which serve to increase the cell's surface area.
Structure of Microvilli
- Microvilli are encased by extensions of the plasma membrane.
- The structure contains bundles of actin filaments that stiffen and maintain their extended form.
Terminal Web
- The terminal web anchors microvillar filaments to the apical cytoplasm of cells.
- It comprises intermediate filaments, providing structural support.
Stereocilia Location
- Found in fluid-absorbing cells within the male reproductive tract.
- Act as specializations with typical actin cores to enhance surface area.
Cilia Location
- Present on cells that transport materials through tubes or across surfaces.
- Notably motile and located on epithelial cells in trachea, oviduct, and brain ventricles.
- Flagella, similar to cilia in structure and function, are located on spermatozoa.
Structure of Cilia
- Cilia are larger than microvilli, containing a core structure composed of microtubules.
Basal Bodies
- Basal bodies feature pairs of centrioles that anchor and stabilize microtubules, preventing depolymerization.
Configuration of Microtubules
- The core microtubules in cilia and flagella exhibit a "(9+2)" arrangement, indicating nine outer doublet microtubules surrounding two central microtubules.
Axoneme
- The core structure of a cilium is termed the axoneme, integral to its function.
Cilia vs. Microvilli
- Cilia are motile, whereas microvilli lack motion.
- Cilia are structurally supported by microtubules; microvilli utilize actin filaments.
- Cilia are generally wider and taller than microvilli.
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