Cell Biology Chapter Quiz
45 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

Which cell will be filled with molecules faster if the transport rate is the same?

  • Cell A will be faster due to larger volume
  • Cell A will be faster due to larger surface area (correct)
  • Both cells will fill at the same rate regardless of size
  • Cell B will be faster due to larger volume

    • What two factors affect the efficiency of cell metabolism?

  • Surface area and volume ratio (correct)
  • Transport rate and cell age
  • Cell shape and membrane thickness
  • Nutrient availability and cell age

    • What structural adaptation allows cells to overcome limitations on size?

  • Folding of the cell membrane (correct)
  • Reduction in cell size
  • Addition of more organelles
  • Increased cell wall thickness

    • How does compartmentalization benefit eukaryotic cells?

    <p>It segregates incompatible processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is maintaining a high surface area to volume ratio crucial for cells?

    <p>It enhances nutrient uptake and efficient metabolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about transport proteins is correct?

    <p>Glucose carrier proteins only transport glucose and not its isomers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do carrier proteins play in facilitated diffusion?

    <p>They bind to molecules and change shape to facilitate transport.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do gated ion channels function?

    <p>They open or close in response to specific stimuli.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to potassium ion channels in nerve cells during an electrical stimulus?

    <p>They open to facilitate potassium ion transport.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary factor that determines how easily a substance can pass through the plasma membrane?

    <p>Polarity and molecular size of the substance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines diffusion in terms of particle movement?

    <p>Movement of particles that spreads them evenly into available space</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the selective permeability of membranes?

    <p>It allows only specific substances to enter or exit the cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes a concentration gradient?

    <p>The difference in concentration of a substance between two regions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of molecules require transport proteins for membrane crossing?

    <p>Hydrophilic substances that cannot cross the lipid bilayer alone.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does the plasma membrane play in cellular function?

    <p>It controls the exchange of materials between the cell and surroundings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition is caused by a dysfunctional Cl- channel?

    <p>Cystic fibrosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do hydrophobic molecules interact with the phospholipid bilayer?

    <p>They dissolve in the lipid bilayer and pass through rapidly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of channel proteins?

    <p>They create a hydrophilic pathway for specific molecules or ions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens at dynamic equilibrium during diffusion?

    <p>Equal numbers of molecules cross the membrane in both directions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of molecules have the most difficulty crossing the plasma membrane due to its hydrophobic interior?

    <p>Small hydrophilic (polar) molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs to a cell when placed in a hypertonic solution?

    <p>The cell shrinks as it loses water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do cell-surface proteins play in relation to HIV?

    <p>They facilitate the entry of HIV into immune cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a consequence of lacking the CCR5 co-receptor?

    <p>Immunity to HIV infection.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of tight junctions in epithelial tissues?

    <p>Preventing leakage of extracellular fluid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure is responsible for cell-to-cell communication in animal cells?

    <p>Gap junctions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of junction anchors cells together in strong sheets?

    <p>Desmosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of plasmodesmata in plant cells?

    <p>Connecting plant cells for transport of water and small solutes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of protein is responsible for attaching the cytoskeleton to the extracellular matrix (ECM)?

    <p>Integrins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component is NOT part of the cytoskeleton structure?

    <p>Endoplasmic reticulum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does cholesterol play in cell membranes at high temperatures?

    <p>Restrains movement of phospholipids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of membrane protein spans the membrane and consists of hydrophobic regions?

    <p>Transmembrane proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do fibronectin and other extracellular matrix proteins interact with cellular components?

    <p>They bind to integral proteins in the membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is required for the activation of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK)?

    <p>Lateral movement of proteins in the membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of integral proteins compared to peripheral proteins?

    <p>They penetrate the hydrophobic core of the membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What initiates dimerization in receptor tyrosine kinases for signaling?

    <p>The binding of a signaling molecule (ligand)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does cholesterol have on membrane fluidity at low temperatures?

    <p>Prevents tight packing of phospholipids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What function do membrane proteins primarily serve within the cell membrane?

    <p>Determine most of the membrane's functions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of glucose transporter 1 (GLUT 1) in red blood cells?

    <p>To facilitate glucose diffusion into red blood cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of proteins are involved in active transport processes?

    <p>Carrier proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mechanism requires ATP to move substances against their concentration gradient?

    <p>Active transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the sodium-potassium pump's activity in cells?

    <p>Higher concentration of K+ inside the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does membrane potential refer to?

    <p>The voltage across a membrane due to ion distribution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the inside of the cell typically compare to the outside regarding charge?

    <p>It is negatively charged relative to the outside.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What ultimately drives the transport of glucose into red blood cells after it is phosphorylated?

    <p>The concentration gradient of glucose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is maintained by the active transport of ions in cells?

    <p>Solute concentrations that differ from the environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser