Cell Biology Chapter: Cytoplasm & Organelles
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Questions and Answers

What percentage of the cytoplasm is primarily composed of water?

  • 50-60%
  • 20-30%
  • 70-80% (correct)
  • 90-100%
  • Which of the following organelles is NOT suspended in the cytoplasm?

  • Mitochondria
  • Golgi apparatus
  • Nucleus
  • Cell membrane (correct)
  • Which metabolic pathway occurs in the cytoplasm?

  • Electron transport chain
  • Oxidative phosphorylation
  • Citric acid cycle
  • Glycolysis (correct)
  • What function does the cytoplasm serve related to organelles?

    <p>Supporting and facilitating transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which materials are stored in the cytoplasm?

    <p>Glycogen and lipids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does the cytoplasm play in cellular regulation?

    <p>It contains proteins and enzymes that control cell functions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the process of translation occur in relation to the cytoplasm?

    <p>In the cytoplasm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a component of the cytoplasm?

    <p>Cell wall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic distinguishes the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum from the Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum?

    <p>Presence of ribosomes on its surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following functions is NOT performed by the Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum?

    <p>Protein synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum play in protein processing?

    <p>Post-translational modification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum in muscle cells?

    <p>Calcium ion storage and release</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a function of the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum?

    <p>Protein sorting and transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a distinguishing feature of the Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum compared to the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum?

    <p>Lack of ribosomes on its surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a vital function of the Endoplasmic Reticulum?

    <p>Synthesis and transport of proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum contribute to the metabolism of lipids?

    <p>By synthesizing phospholipids and lipids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of mitochondria in cellular activities?

    <p>ATP production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which metabolic pathway occurs in the mitochondria and involves the breakdown of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins?

    <p>Citric Acid Cycle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the intermembrane space in mitochondria?

    <p>Proton gradient preservation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process do mitochondria utilize to generate ATP?

    <p>Oxidative phosphorylation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following processes is NOT associated with mitochondria?

    <p>Photosynthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During apoptosis, which proteins do mitochondria release?

    <p>Pro-apoptotic proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of ribosomes are found within the mitochondrial matrix?

    <p>Mitoribosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)?

    <p>It is responsible for mitochondrial division</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the Golgi apparatus?

    <p>Modification and processing of molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cellular structure is primarily involved in the formation of lysosomes?

    <p>Golgi apparatus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the structure of the Golgi apparatus primarily made of?

    <p>Flattened, membrane-bound sacs called cisternae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a function of the Golgi apparatus?

    <p>Production of ATP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key feature of the inner mitochondrial membrane?

    <p>It is highly folded into structures called cristae.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of organelle is the Golgi apparatus?

    <p>Eukaryotic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to molecules packaged into secretory vesicles by the Golgi apparatus?

    <p>They are secreted from the cell through exocytosis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately describes the outer membrane of mitochondria?

    <p>It is a smooth, semi-permeable barrier.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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