Cell Biology Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What is the function of the Cell Membrane?

Structure and support for the cell (correct)

Transport of materials throughout the cell

Receives proteins and materials from the ER

Stores food, water, waste and other cellular materials

What is the Cytoplasm?

A gel-like material that surrounds all parts of the cell within the membrane.

What is the function of the Endoplasmic Reticulum?

Transport of materials throughout the cell.

What do Golgi Bodies do?

Receives proteins and materials from the ER, packages them, and distributes them. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of Mitochondria?

Provides energy. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the Nucleus in a cell?

The 'brain' of the cell; carries information for reproduction and controls all cell activity. Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of a Vacuole?

Stores food, water, waste and other cellular materials. Signup and view all the answers

What is the Cell Wall?

Strong, supporting layer around the cell membrane in some cells. Signup and view all the answers

What are Lysosomes used for?

Uses chemicals to break down food and worn out cell parts. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of Chloroplasts?

Organelle that captures energy from sunlight and converts it into chemical energy. Signup and view all the answers

What is an Organelle?

A tiny cell structure that carries out a specific function within the cell. Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Ribosomes?

Makes proteins. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Cell Components Overview

Cell Membrane: Responsible for structure and support; acts as a barrier that regulates what enters and exits the cell.
Cytoplasm: Gel-like substance filling the interior of the cell; houses organelles and facilitates biochemical reactions.
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER): Network of membranes involved in the transport of materials; can be rough (with ribosomes) or smooth (without ribosomes).
Golgi Bodies: Modify, package, and distribute proteins and materials received from the ER; essential for cellular transport and processing.

Energy and Control

Mitochondria: Known as the powerhouse of the cell; converts nutrients into energy through cellular respiration.
Nucleus: The control center; contains genetic material (DNA) and regulates all cell activities including reproduction and metabolism.

Storage and Support Structures

Vacuole: Membrane-bound sac that stores substances such as food, water, and waste; larger in plant cells.
Cell Wall: Rigid outer layer found in plant cells; provides additional support and protection beyond the cell membrane.

Waste Management and Photosynthesis

Lysosomes: Contain enzymes that digest waste materials and cellular debris; important for recycling cellular components.
Chloroplast: Organelle in plant cells that captures sunlight to produce food via photosynthesis; contains chlorophyll for energy conversion.

Basic Cell Functions

Organelle: A specialized structure within the cell that performs a specific function, contributing to the cell's overall operation.
Ribosome: Small organelles that synthesize proteins by translating messenger RNA; critical for cell function and growth.

Description

Test your knowledge about the parts of a cell with these flashcards. Each card provides a term and its definition to help you understand the structure and function of cellular components. Perfect for biology students looking to reinforce their learning.