Cell Biology Chapter 1

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What is the site where cell division begins in eukaryotic cells?

Mitochondria
Golgi apparatus
Endoplasmic reticulum
Nucleus (correct)

What is the primary function of cellular differentiation?

Cell growth and development
Cell death and removal
Cell division and reproduction
Specialization of cells for specific functions (correct)

What is the purpose of chromatin undergoing compaction through coiling during cell division preparation?

To reduce cell size
To prepare genetic material for cell division (correct)
To increase cell growth
To increase DNA replication

What would happen if a cell were to divide without preparation?

The cell would replicate incorrectly (D) Signup and view all the answers

What type of stem cell can turn into any cell type?

Embryonic stem cell (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the kinetochore in cell division?

To serve as an attachment point for spindle fibers during chromosome separation (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for cells that never divide again?

Permanently differentiated cells (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of centrioles in cell division?

To become visible and take part in cell division (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the nuclear membrane in cell division?

To separate the chromosome from the cell's cytoplasm and other organelles (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of cytokinesis?

The division of the cytoplasm into two daughter cells (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the number of chromosomes found in human cells?

46 (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of spindle fibers in cell division?

To separate the chromosomes during cell division (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between cytokinesis in animal cells and cytokinesis in plant cells?

The location of cleavage furrow formation (A) Signup and view all the answers

How many pairs of chromosomes are present in a human diploid cell?

22 pairs of autosomes and 1 pair of sex chromosomes (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a karyotype test?

To check for the presence of 46 chromosomes (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the number of chromosomes present in a human haploid cell?

23 chromosomes (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of preparing a karyogram?

Karyotyping (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the type of cell division used by multicellular organisms to form reproductive cells?

Meiosis (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the G1 phase of the cell cycle?

Cell growth and protein synthesis (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of DNA replication during the S phase of the cell cycle?

Two identical sister chromatids are produced (A) Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of the cell cycle is devoted to interphase?

90% (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the G2 phase of the cell cycle?

To prepare for cell division by assembling necessary proteins (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the stage of the cell cycle where cell division occurs?

Mitosis (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the longest phase of the interphase?

G1 phase (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of meiosis in terms of the number of daughter cells produced?

Four daughter cells (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of gamete or sex cell reproduction among male animals, including humans?

Spermatogenesis (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of crossing-over in meiosis?

To increase genetic variability (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the stage of meiosis where homologous chromosomes align at the metaphase plate?

Metaphase I (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of daughter cells produced through meiosis?

They are non-identical and haploid (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the stage of meiosis where nuclear membrane forms around each set of chromosomes?

Telophase II (A) Signup and view all the answers