Cell Biology Chapter 1
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Questions and Answers

What is the site where cell division begins in eukaryotic cells?

  • Mitochondria
  • Golgi apparatus
  • Endoplasmic reticulum
  • Nucleus (correct)

    • What is the primary function of cellular differentiation?

  • Cell growth and development
  • Cell death and removal
  • Cell division and reproduction
  • Specialization of cells for specific functions (correct)

    • What is the purpose of chromatin undergoing compaction through coiling during cell division preparation?

  • To reduce cell size
  • To prepare genetic material for cell division (correct)
  • To increase cell growth
  • To increase DNA replication

    • What would happen if a cell were to divide without preparation?

    <p>The cell would replicate incorrectly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of stem cell can turn into any cell type?

    <p>Embryonic stem cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the kinetochore in cell division?

    <p>To serve as an attachment point for spindle fibers during chromosome separation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for cells that never divide again?

    <p>Permanently differentiated cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of centrioles in cell division?

    <p>To become visible and take part in cell division</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the nuclear membrane in cell division?

    <p>To separate the chromosome from the cell's cytoplasm and other organelles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of cytokinesis?

    <p>The division of the cytoplasm into two daughter cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the number of chromosomes found in human cells?

    <p>46</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of spindle fibers in cell division?

    <p>To separate the chromosomes during cell division</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between cytokinesis in animal cells and cytokinesis in plant cells?

    <p>The location of cleavage furrow formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many pairs of chromosomes are present in a human diploid cell?

    <p>22 pairs of autosomes and 1 pair of sex chromosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a karyotype test?

    <p>To check for the presence of 46 chromosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the number of chromosomes present in a human haploid cell?

    <p>23 chromosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process of preparing a karyogram?

    <p>Karyotyping</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the type of cell division used by multicellular organisms to form reproductive cells?

    <p>Meiosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the G1 phase of the cell cycle?

    <p>Cell growth and protein synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of DNA replication during the S phase of the cell cycle?

    <p>Two identical sister chromatids are produced</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of the cell cycle is devoted to interphase?

    <p>90%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the G2 phase of the cell cycle?

    <p>To prepare for cell division by assembling necessary proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the stage of the cell cycle where cell division occurs?

    <p>Mitosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the longest phase of the interphase?

    <p>G1 phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of meiosis in terms of the number of daughter cells produced?

    <p>Four daughter cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process of gamete or sex cell reproduction among male animals, including humans?

    <p>Spermatogenesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of crossing-over in meiosis?

    <p>To increase genetic variability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the stage of meiosis where homologous chromosomes align at the metaphase plate?

    <p>Metaphase I</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of daughter cells produced through meiosis?

    <p>They are non-identical and haploid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the stage of meiosis where nuclear membrane forms around each set of chromosomes?

    <p>Telophase II</p> Signup and view all the answers

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